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CSLI Calendar, Wednesday, 11 April 2007, vol. 22:30
CSLI CALENDAR OF PUBLIC EVENTS
______________________________________________________________________
11 April 2007 Stanford Vol. 22, No. 30
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A weekly publication of the
Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI)
Stanford University, Cordura Hall, Stanford, CA 94305-4101
http://www-csli.stanford.edu/
____________
ACTIVITIES FROM 11 APRIL 2007 TO 20 APRIL 2007
WEDNESDAY, 11 APRIL 2007
3:45pm Psychology Department Colloquium [11-Apr-07]
Jordan Hall 420:041
"The Mirror Neuron System in Monkeys and Humans"
Giacomo Rizzolatti
Universita di Parma
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/events_colloquium.html
4:10pm UC Berkeley 19th Annual Alfred Tarski Lecture 2 [11-Apr-07]
277 Cory Hall (Berkeley)
"Interpretations of Set Theory in Discrete Mathematics and
Informal Thinking: Interpreting Set Theory in Discrete
Mathematics: Boolean Relation Theory"
Harvey M. Friedman
Mathematics, Computer Science, and Philosophy, Ohio State University
http://logic.berkeley.edu/tarski-lectures.html
4:10pm Berkeley Tanner Lecture on Human Values II [11-Apr-07]
Toll Room, Alumni House (Berkeley)
"Democracy's Public Reason, Global Public Reason"
Joshua Cohen
Political Science, Philosophy, Law, Stanford
http://www.grad.berkeley.edu/tanner/0607.shtml
4:15pm EE380: Computer Systems Lab Colloquium [11-Apr-07]
Gates B01 (HP Auditorium)
Title to be announced
Paul Saffo
Institute for the Future
http://ee380.stanford.edu/contents.html
5:15pm CCRMA Colloquium [11-Apr-07]
CCRMA Classroom, The Knoll
"New Imaging Methods Applied to Recorded Sound Preservation and Access"
Carl Haber
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
http://ccrma.stanford.edu/
6:00pm Berkeley History and Philosophy of Logic Mathematics, and Science
234 Moses (Berkeley) [11-Apr-07]
"Empirical Investigations of Explanation and Causation"
Tania Lombrozo
Psychology, Berkeley
http://hplms.berkeley.edu/
Abstract below
6:00pm Silicon Valley Web Guild [11-Apr-07]
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View
"Usability 2.0"
Panel
http://www.webguild.org/
Abstract below
6:30pm SF Bay ACM Data Mining SIG [11-Apr-07]
SAP LABS, Building D, 3410 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA
"Using Data Mining to Measure Similarity Between Words and Objects"
Mehran Sahami
Senior Research Scientist, Google
http://sfbayacm.org/dmsig.php
Abstract below
THURSDAY, 12 APRIL 2007
2:00pm Berkeley International Computer Science Institute [12-Apr-07]
ICSI, Rm 5A (UC Berkeley)
"Spoken Language Understanding strategies developed at the University
of Avignon: for a better integration of ASR and SLU processes"
Frederick Bechet
University of Avignon
http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/
Abstract below
4:00pm PARC Forum [12-Apr-07]
George Pake Auditorium at PARC
"Thinking big: Carbon capture and sequestration as a global
approach to greenhouse gas emission reduction"
S. Julio Friedmann
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
http://www.parc.com/forum/
4:00pm UC Berkeley CIS Seminar [12-Apr-07]
Soda Hall 310 (UC Berkeley)
"Oracle inequalities in sparse learning problems"
Vladimir Koltchinskii
School of Mathematics, Georgia Tech
http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~feisha/cis-seminar
Abstract below
4:00pm UC Berkeley Oxyopia Lecture [12-Apr-07]
489 Minor Hall (UC Berkeley)
"What Are Illusions and Why Do We See Them?"
Beau Lotto
University College, London
http://optometry.berkeley.edu/opt_txtpp/ce/oxyopias.html
Abstract below
4:10pm Berkeley Tanner Lecture on Human Values: Seminar [12-Apr-07]
Toll Room, Alumni House (Berkeley)
Joshua Cohen
Political Science, Philosophy, Law, Stanford
http://www.grad.berkeley.edu/tanner/0607.shtml
4:15pm SSP10: Symbolic Systems Forum [12-Apr-07]
Bldg. 380:380C (Math Corner)
"Blocking and the System of Grammar"
Peter Sells
Linguistics, Stanford
http://symsys.stanford.edu/ssp_events
Abstract below
4:15pm Frontiers in Interdisciplinary Biosciences [12-Apr-07]
Clark Center Auditorium, Bio-X building
"Insights from birdsong into the neurobiology of language"
Erich Jarvis
Neurobiology, Duke University
http://www.jarvislab.net/
http://biox.stanford.edu/courses/459_seminars.html
4:30pm Humanities Fellows Program [12-Apr-07]
Bldg. 460:426
"Aesthetic Science: Oxymoron or a New Branch of Cognitive Science?"
Stephen Palmer
Psychology, UC Berkeley
http://fellows.stanford.edu/events/
Abstract below
FRIDAY, 13 APRIL 2007
12 noon Ethics@Noon [13-Apr-07]
Bldg. 60:61H
"Ethical Issues in Research and Publication"
Donald Kennedy
President Emeritus, Stanford
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EIS/lectures_ethics.html
12:30pm CS547: Human-Computer Interaction Seminar [13-Apr-07]
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
"Gaze-Enhanced User Interface Design"
Manu Kumar
Stanford HCI Group
http://hci.stanford.edu/cs547/
Abstract below
3:00pm Berkeley Information Access Seminar [13-Apr-07]
107 South Hall (Berkeley)
"Short Reports"
Bernt Wahl, Clifford Lynch, and others
http://courses.ischool.berkeley.edu/i296a-1/s07/schedule.html
Abstracts below
3:15pm Philosophy Department Colloquium [13-Apr-07]
Bldg. 90:92Q
"Influxus intelligibilis: Oughts, Requirements and Kant's
Concept of Practical Reason"
Konstantin Pollok
Stanford Humanities Center
http://www-philosophy.stanford.edu/ce.html
3:15pm Friday Cognitive Seminar [13-Apr-07]
Jordan Hall 420:050
"Ripples in the brain: Analyses of fMRI response patterns,
retinotopic position and object category"
Rory Sayres
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/events_cognitive.html
3:30pm Linguistics Department Colloquium [13-Apr-07]
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:126
"Was Old English a Verb Second Language?"
Anthony Kroch
Univ. of Pennsylvania
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/colloq/
3:30pm SRI CSL Seminar Series [13-Apr-07]
EK255, SRI International
"Attribute-Based Encryption: A Cryptosystem for Expressive
Access Control on Encrypted Data"
Brent Waters
http://www.csl.sri.com/
4:00pm UC Berkeley Oxyopia Lecture [13-Apr-07]
489 Minor Hall (UC Berkeley)
"New Ways of Analyzing the Functional Architecture of Human
Information Processing"
Charles Chubb
Cognitive Sciences, UC Irvine
http://optometry.berkeley.edu/opt_txtpp/ce/oxyopias.html
Abstract below
4:10pm UC Berkeley 19th Annual Alfred Tarski Lecture 2 [13-Apr-07]
60 Evans Hall (Berkeley)
"Interpretations of Set Theory in Discrete Mathematics and
Informal Thinking: Interpreting Set Theory in Informal
Thinking: Concept Calculus"
Harvey M. Friedman
Mathematics, Computer Science, and Philosophy, Ohio State University
http://logic.berkeley.edu/tarski-lectures.html
4:15pm CSLI Seminar on Computational Learning and Adaptation [13-Apr-07]
Cordura Hall 100
"From Transient Patterns to Persistent Relational Structures
Episodic Memory formation via Cortico-hippocampal Interactions"
Lokendra Shastri
International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley
http://cll.stanford.edu/scla/schedule.shtml
Abstract below
SUNDAY, 15 APRIL 2007
all day Stanford Community Day [15-Apr-07]
Stanford Campus
http://communityday.stanford.edu/
MONDAY, 16 APRIL 2007
all day Media X 5th Annual Conference [16-Apr-07]
Wallenberg
http://mediax.stanford.edu/conference_07/
(registration required)
Information below
4:00pm Stanford Phonology Workshop [16-Apr-07]
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:126
"Demonstration on how to use corpora"
Hal Tily
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/pinterest/
4:00pm UC Berkeley Ear Club [16-Apr-07]
3105 Tolman Hall (Berkeley)
"The simulation of three dimensional soundscapes through
headphones: problems and possible solutions"
Lorenzo Picinali and Dylan Menzies
Music, Tech. and Innovative. Res. De Montfort - Univ. Leicester, UK
http://ear.berkeley.edu/ear-club-schedule.html
4:10pm UC Berkeley Linguistics Colloquium [16-Apr-07]
182 Dwinelle Hall (Berkeley)
"The effect of prosodic complexity on phonological processing:
evidence from language impairment"
John Harris
University College London
http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/events/
Abstract below
TUESDAY, 17 APRIL 2007
all day Media X 5th Annual Conference [17-Apr-07]
Wallenberg
http://mediax.stanford.edu/conference_07/
(registration required)
Information below
12:30pm Berkeley Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience [17-Apr-07]
3105 Tolman (Berkeley)
"Explicit Object Representation by Sparse Neural Codes"
Steve Waydo
Caltech
http://redwood.berkeley.edu/seminars.php
Abstract below
2:30pm SRI CSL Seminar Series [17-Apr-07]
EK255, SRI International
"Denials Leak Information: Simulatable Auditing"
Nina Mishra
University of Virginia
http://www.csl.sri.com/
Abstract below
4:10pm UC Berkeley Working Group in the Philosophy of Mind [17-Apr-07]
Howison Philosophy Library, (305 Moses Hall) (Berkeley)
"Spatial Navigation"
Lucia Jacobs
Psychology, UC Berkeley
http://psychology.berkeley.edu/faculty/profiles/ljacobs.html
http://neurophilosophy.berkeley.edu/meetings.htm
WEDNESDAY, 18 APRIL 2007
3:00pm GIS Special Interest Group [18-Apr-07]
Stanford Humanities Center
"GIS: Approaches and Exemplars"
Ruth Mostern (University of California, Merced),
Paul S. Ell (Queen's University, Belfast)
Ian Gregory (Lancaster University)
http://gissig.stanford.edu/
Abstract below
3:45pm Psychology Department Colloquium [18-Apr-07]
Jordan Hall 420:041
Title to be announced
Glenn Schellenberg,
University of Toronto
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/events_colloquium.html
5:30pm Wesson Lectures on Problems of Democracy [18-Apr-07]
Cordura 100
"What Makes a Demos?"
David Miller
Oxford University
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EIS/homepage.html
6:30pm SF Bay ACM Talk [18-Apr-07]
Hewlett Packard, Pruneridge and Wolfe, Cupertino, Bldg. 48, Oak Room
"Maker Faire: The Re-emergence of Maker Culture"
Dale Dougherty
editor and publisher of "Make" and "Craft" magazines
http://sfbayacm.org/
Abstract below
THURSDAY, 19 APRIL 2007
4:00pm SRI AI Seminar Series [19-Apr-07]
EJ228, SRI International
"little b, a language for building mathematical models of
biological systems"
Aneil Mallavarapu
Harvard
http://www.ai.sri.com/seminars/
Abstract below
4:00pm UC Berkeley Oxyopia Lecture [19-Apr-07]
489 Minor Hall (UC Berkeley)
"Visual Search: Is it a matter of life and death?"
Jeremy M. Wolfe
Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School
http://optometry.berkeley.edu/opt_txtpp/ce/oxyopias.html
Abstract below
4:10pm UC Berkeley Philosophy Department Colloquium [19-Apr-07]
Howison Philosophy Library, (305 Moses Hall) (Berkeley)
"What Could Constructivism in Ethics Possibly Be?"
Nadeem Hussain
Stanford University
http://philosophy.berkeley.edu/
4:15pm SSP10: Symbolic Systems Forum [19-Apr-07]
Bldg. 380:380C (Math Corner)
"Understanding Students' Learning from Computerized Tutors:
Incorporating Individual Differences in Computational Models"
Anna Rafferty
M.S. Candidate, Symbolic Systems Program
http://symsys.stanford.edu/ssp_events
Abstract below
5:30pm Wesson Lectures on Problems of Democracy [19-Apr-07]
Cordura 100
"Democratic Inclusion & Exclusion"
David Miller
Oxford University
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EIS/homepage.html
FRIDAY, 20 APRIL 2007
11:00am Berkeley Institute of Cognitive and Brain Seminar [20-Apr-07]
Tolman 5101 (Berkeley)
"Brain networks underlying the retrieval and experience of music-
evoked autobiographical memories"
Petr Janata
Psychology, UC Davis
http://icbs.berkeley.edu/
12:30pm CS547: Human-Computer Interaction Seminar [20-Apr-07]
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
"Social perturbations and posited practices:
looking at prototypes as more than immature proto-products"
Elizabeth Churchill
Yahoo!
http://hci.stanford.edu/cs547/
Abstract below
3:00pm Berkeley Information Access Seminar [20-Apr-07]
107 South Hall (Berkeley)
"Digitization and Uses of Digitized Irish Studies Journals"
Paul Ell
Centre for Data Digitisation and Analysis, Queen's University Belfast
http://courses.ischool.berkeley.edu/i296a-1/s07/schedule.html
3:30pm Stanford Semantics and Pragmatics Workshop [20-Apr-07]
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:126
"We know, therefore I ask"
Ivano Caponigro
UC San Diego
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/semgroup/
5:10pm UC Berkeley Linguistics Department Colloquium [20-Apr-07]
182 Dwinelle (Berkeley)
"Two haiku or one? --
a close linguistic analysis of two poems by Basho"
Masako Hiraga and Haj Ross
Rikkyo University, Tokyo and University of North Texas
http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/events/
____________
Stanford Blood Center: Shortage of O, A-, and B-. For an
appointment: http://bloodcenter.stanford.edu/ or call 650-723-7831.
It only takes an hour of your time and you get free cookies.
____________
MEDIA X 5TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE
16, 17 April 2007
http://mediax.stanford.edu/conference_07/
The Media X Annual Conference will highlight fundamental research
about people and technology for our Affiliates and friends. The
research ranges from biometrics for authentication, to wireless
network sensors for enhanced quality of life, to gaming and leadership
along with virtual economies and mechanisms for participant reward.
In addition, this year's conference features leading companies and
their secrets for success, along with cutting-edge faculty research
and answers for companies using teams in multiple locations,
especially off-shored or outsourced teams. Plus: methodologies, tools
and key research conclusions for what works and, importantly, what has
been awkward, difficult or even disastrous.
Key movers in the Social Networking space, noted creators and faculty
from the Business School, Medical School, School of Engineering,
School of education and others will present their perspectives on the
critical frontiers in our conference themes.
Target audience:
1. Corporate researchers responsible for tracking trends and findings
from academia
2. R&D leaders developing products, processes, and services with
distributed teams
3. IT managers responsible for Corporate Infrastructure to support
distributed work
Standard registration is $495; Companies with current Stanford
Affiliate memberships other than Media X may register for $200, as can
members of other academic and non-profit institutions. Stanford
faculty, staff, and students may register for free.
Stanford faculty, staff, and students should register at
http://www.register123.com/event/profile/form/index.cfm?PKformID=0x3492215a69
Standard registration at
http://www.register123.com/event/profile/form/index.cfm?PKformID=0x3492025640
For discounted registration contact Kathy Lung, klung
... stanford.edu, 650.723.1616.
See http://mediax.stanford.edu/conference_07/ for more information.
____________
BERKELEY HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF LOGIC, MATHEMATICS, AND SCIENCE
on Wednesday, 11 April 2007, 6:00pm - 7:30pm
234 Moses (Berkeley)
http://hplms.berkeley.edu/
"Empirical Investigations of Explanation and Causation"
Tania Lombrozo
Psychology, Berkeley
What constitutes an explanation? This question has received
considerable attention in philosophy of science, but relatively little
is known about the psychology of explanation. In this talk I'll
present recent empirical work on the psychology of explanation,
focusing on teleological explanations--explanations in terms of a
function or goal. Drawing on analyses from philosophy, I'll suggest
that people understand teleological explanations as causal
explanations: they are only accepted when the function invoked in the
explanation played a causal role in bringing about what is being
explained. However, I'll also suggest that casual relationships are
evaluated differently in the context of teleological explanations than
in the context of mechanistic explanations. These differences map onto
different philosophical theories of causation-- roughly, a
counterfactual account versus a physical connection/transfer of force
account. Thus a second, more speculative aim of the talk will be to
suggest the psychological reality of multiple concepts of causation.
____________
SILICON VALLEY WEB GUILD
on Wednesday, 11 April 2007, 6:00pm
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View
http://www.webguild.org/
(registration and payment)
"Usability 2.0"
Sean Kane, Director, User Interface Engineering, Netflix
Jon Wiley, User Experience Designer, Google
and a third to be announced
Google Apps, Netflix What is the next generation of web usability?
What are some of the usability gains and challenges arising as a
result of Web 2.0 technologies such as Ajax; how is usability viewed
within companies today; and what is the ROI of good usability
practice. Learn about the next generation or evolution of usability
from usability 1.0 to 2.0 and beyond on the web including what has
changed, and what are the challenges and the implications for
designers, developers, users, and marketers. The panel will also speak
to top usability trends, best practices, usability dos & don'ts,
techniques, processes, quantitative versus qualitative considerations,
etc. to creating highly usable and successful sites and webapps. Learn
from the pros in charge of highly successful sites how to make your
webapps and sites highly usable and successful!
____________
SF BAY ACM DATA MINING SIG
on Wednesday, 11 April 2007, 6:30pm - 9:00pm
SAP LABS, Building D, 3410 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA
http://sfbayacm.org/dmsig.php
"Using Data Mining to Measure Similarity Between Words and Objects"
Mehran Sahami
Senior Research Scientist, Google
The World Wide Web provides a wealth of data that can be harnessed to
help improve information retrieval and increase understanding of the
relationships between different entities. In many cases, we are often
interested in determining how similar two entities may be to each
other, where the entities may be pieces of text or descriptions of
some object. In this work, we examine multiple instances of this
problem, and show how they can be addressed by harnessing data mining
techniques applied to large web-based data sets. Specifically, we
examine the problems of determining the similarity of short texts
(even those that may not share any terms in common) and also of
learning similarity functions for semi-structured data to address
tasks such as record linkage between objects. While we present rather
different techniques for each problem, we show how measuring
similarity between entities in these domains has a direct application
to the overarching goal of improving information access for users of
web-based systems.
About the Speaker: Mehran Sahami is a Senior Research Scientist at
Google. His research interests include machine learning, data mining,
and information retrieval on the Web. Mehran was also previously a
Lecturer in the Computer Science Department at Stanford University
(where he received his PhD), and prior to Google, involved in a number
of commercial and research machine learning projects at Epiphany,
Xerox PARC and Microsoft Research. He has published dozens of refereed
technical papers, served on numerous conference program/organizing
committees and has several patents pending. This year he is serving at
Track Chair for the Industrial Practice and Experience track at WWW-07
and is Co-Chair of the Student Abstract and Poster program at AAAI-07.
____________
BERKELEY INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER SCIENCE INSTITUTE
on Thursday, 12 April 2007, 2:00 - 3:00 p.m.
Room 5A, ICSI, 1947 Center Street, Sixth Floor, Berkeley
http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/
"Spoken Language Understanding strategies developed at the University
of Avignon: for a better integration of ASR and SLU processes"
Frederick Bechet
University of Avignon
In commercial applications based on speech recognition, the quality of
the human-computer interaction is still far from being effective both
from the user and service provider side. To improve the effectiveness
and user acceptance of automated dialogue systems it is necessary to
advance the state of the art of Spoken Language Understanding (SLU)
research along two directions. First, SLU models have to be tightly
coupled with the upstream (Automatic Speech Recognition: ASR) and
downstream (Dialog Management: DM) processes.
Second, SLU models have to be part of an adaptive component whose
parameters are updated on-line based on the outcome of dialog
strategies, a-priori or a-posteriori knowledge. In the framework of
the European project LUNA, this talk presents the SLU strategies
developed at the University of Avignon in these two directions. These
strategies are evaluated on two kinds of corpora: an "academic" dialog
corpus collected through the French evaluation program
Technolangue/MEDIA, and a large "realistic" dialog corpus made of
system logs of a widely deployed Spoken Dialog System by
France-Telecom R&D (France Telecom 3000 Voice Agency service). This
talk will discuss the differences between these two kinds of corpora
and the new opportunities for academic research offered by these very
large dialog corpora obtained through deployed Spoken Dialog Systems.
About the Speaker: Frederic Bechet obtained his PhD in computer
science in 1994 and is a Professor Assistant at the University of
Avignon (France) since 1995. He's been an invited professor for one
year at AT&T Research Lab in Florham Park, New Jersey, USA, from
August 2001 until September 2002, working within the How May I Help
You? research project. Frederic Bechet is the author/coauthor of over
40 refereed papers in journals and international conferences. His main
research interests are:
- Spoken Language Understanding
- Language Models
- Shallow parsing (Chunking, POS tagging, Named Entity tagging)
- Linguistic aspects of Text-to-Speech synthesis
____________
UC BERKELEY CIS SEMINAR
on Thursday, 12 April 2007, 4:00pm-5:00pm
Soda Hall 310 (UC Berkeley)
http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~feisha/cis-seminar
"Oracle inequalities in sparse learning problems"
Vladimir Koltchinskii
School of Mathematics, Georgia Tech
A number of problems in Statistics and Learning Theory, such as
regression and classification, can be formulated as risk minimization
over a linear span of a large dictionary of given functions. Several
methods have been developed to find a "sparse" solution of such a
problem (provided that it exists). One of these methods is penalized
empirical risk minimization with $\ell_1$-norm of the vector of
coefficients used as a penalty. Another method is so called "Dantzig
Selector" recently introduced by Candes and Tao. We will discuss
several oracle inequalities that express "adaptivity" of these methods
to unknown sparsity of the problem.
____________
UC BERKELEY OXYOPIA LECTURE
on Thursday, 12 April 2007, 4:00pm
489 Minor Hall (UC Berkeley)
http://optometry.berkeley.edu/opt_txtpp/ce/oxyopias.html
"What Are Illusions and Why Do We See Them?"
Beau Lotto
University College, London
Seeing colour is arguably the most basic of visual attributes. And
yet, human perception of colour remains enigmatic largely because we
frequently see the world "incorrectly" -- in other words, because we
see illusions. Thus, illusions are a key tool for investigating how
and why we see what we do. In this talk, I will present our recent
work on human, bumblebee and synthetic system vision, which provides
evidence for the burgeoning hypothesis that illusions are caused by
(i) the ambiguity of visual stimuli, and (ii) their empirical -- and
thus statistical -- resolution. These studies (and this framework
generally) also suggest a more formal, quantitative definition of
illusion, as well as the basis for explaining the computational and
mechanistic principles that underlie what we (and bees) see.
____________
SSP10: SYMBOLIC SYSTEMS FORUM
on Thursday, 12 April 2007, 4:15pm
Bldg. 380:380C (Math Corner)
http://symsys.stanford.edu/ssp_events
"Blocking and the System of Grammar"
Peter Sells
Linguistics, Stanford
'Blocking' is the name often given to a well-known phenomenon where
one linguistic form appears to pre-empt the use of another. In
English, 'bigger' is often used in preference to 'more big', even
though both intuitively mean the same; as linguists, we say that the
synthetic form 'bigger' blocks the analytic form 'more big' in certain
contexts. With other words, the situation is different: the
conditions on '-er' suffixation a putative word like 'substantialer'
is a highly dispreferred form, and hence 'more substantial' would be
used in (almost) all grammatical contexts. In other languages, we
often find that a particular inflected synthetic form blocks the more
analytic form with absolute regularity, and I will mention a few cases
in my talk. Hence, blocking of this kind is about the relation
between the linguistic duty that a word performs relative to the duty
that a phrase performs, when both intuitively express the same
content. Recently, there has been some focus on this in the
theoretical linguistic literature -- what the conditions are which
allow a blocking relationship, what the nature of the blocking
relationship is, and what grammar must be like, to have those
properties. In the talk I will discuss some conclusions that can be
drawn about the nature of grammar, in terms of what architecture it
has and what kinds of mechanisms it has within that architecture.
____________
HUMANITIES FELLOWS PROGRAM
on Thursday, 12 April 2007, 4:30pm
Bldg. 460:426
http://fellows.stanford.edu/events/
"Aesthetic Science: Oxymoron or a New Branch of Cognitive Science?"
Stephen Palmer
Psychology, UC Berkeley
Artists of all stripes continually face the problem of how to compose
their works in aesthetically pleasing ways. Despite its importance
and generality, the perceptual basis of aesthetic response has
received inadequate empirical attention. Prof. Palmer will report the
results of a series of experiments that investigate people's aesthetic
responses to spatial and color composition.
____________
CS547: HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION SEMINAR
on Friday, 13 April 2007, 12:30-2:00pm
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
http://hci.stanford.edu/cs547/
"Gaze-Enhanced User Interface Design"
Manu Kumar
Stanford HCI Group
The eyes are a rich source of information for gathering context in our
everyday lives. Using eye-gaze information as a form of input can
enable a computer system to gain more contextual information about the
user's task, which in turn can be leveraged to design interfaces which
are more intuitive and intelligent. With the increasing accuracy and
decreasing cost of eye gaze tracking systems it will soon be practical
for able-bodied users to use gaze as a form of input in addition to
keyboard and mouse - provided the resulting interaction is an
improvement over current techniques. Our research explores how gaze
information can be effectively used as an augmented input in addition
to traditional input devices. We present a series of novel prototypes
that explore the use of gaze as an augmented input to perform everyday
computing tasks. In particular we explore the use of gaze-based input
for pointing and selection, application switching, password entry,
scrolling, zooming and document navigation. We present the results of
user experiments which compare the gaze-augmented interaction
techniques with traditional mechanisms and show that the resulting
interaction is either comparable to or an improvement over existing
input methods. These results show that it is indeed possible to devise
novel interaction techniques that use gaze as a form of input without
overloading the visual channel and minimizing false activations. We
also discuss some of the problems and challenges of using gaze
information as a form of input and proposes solutions which, as
discovered over the course of the research, can be used to mitigate
these issues.
For more information see the GUIDe Project page
http://hci.stanford.edu/research/GUIDe/
About the Speaker: Manu Kumar is a Doctoral Candidate in Computer
Science at Stanford University. Prior to joining Stanford, Manu
started two successful companies - SneakerLabs, Inc. which developed
web-based customer interaction tools and iMeet, Inc. which developed
webconferencing software. Manu served on the Board of Directors of
Netspoke, Inc. a company which provides both audio and web
conferencing. Manu holds a Bachelors degree in Electrical and Computer
Engineering with Honors and a Masters degree in Software Engineering
and Business, both from Carnegie Mellon University and a Masters in
Computer Science from Stanford University. He has worked on research,
development and commercialization of interactive technologies ranging
from chat, web conferencing, application sharing, distance learning,
audio conferencing, and CRM applications. He holds one patent in this
space with additional patents pending. His prior research has been in
the area of automobile interfaces.
____________
BERKELEY INFORMATION ACCESS SEMINAR
on Friday, 13 April 2007, 3:00pm - 5:00pm
107 South Hall (Berkeley)
http://courses.ischool.berkeley.edu/i296a-1/s07/schedule.html
"Micro Publishing"
Bernt Wahl
In the current digital era, technology is emerging that allows unique
content to be tagged, monitored, controlled and distributed at
increasingly granularity. Basically all content bits can be given
unique identifiers, along with licenses that give terms of usage and
its related cost. Then when the 'material' item is used associated
fees can be collected from the appropriate parties for distribution to
the contents' rights holders.
The desire to create 'unique' content by uses is immense as seen, with
the resent explosion of video content sites like YouTube. To the
question "User-Generated Content: Can Copyright Tolerate Mixing and
Mashing?" the real question should be, "Can Media Companies Afford to
Stand Idlely by When Such a Golden Opportunity Exists to Capitalize on
Their Assets?"
"Short Reports"
Clifford Lynch
1) Report on the Library of Congress Task Force on the Future of
Bibliographic Control; and 2) Report on the Open Archives Object Reuse
and Exchange (ORE) Initiative.
____________
UC BERKELEY OXYOPIA LECTURE
on Friday, 13 April 2007, 4:00pm
489 Minor Hall (UC Berkeley)
http://optometry.berkeley.edu/opt_txtpp/ce/oxyopias.html
"New Ways of Analyzing the Functional Architecture of Human
Information Processing"
Charles Chubb
Cognitive Sciences, UC Irvine
Equisalience function analysis (EFA) is a new methodology for
investigating basic questions about the functional architecture of
human perception and cognition. EFA lets you test whether two
perceptual or cognitive processes have similar access to different
sorts of information in the sensory input stream. This talk gives an
introduction to the method and describes our research using it to
study the differential access of the ventral and dorsal visual
pathways to chromatic versus luminance information. Our results
suggest that three distinct visual processes (with different relative
sensitivities to luminance versus equiluminant chromatic variations)
are used for 1. shape discrimination, 2. localization of objects in
allocentric space, and 3. online control of aimed movements. The
research of others (e.g., Milner & Goodale, 1995; Creem & Proffitt,
2001; Glover & Dixon, 2002) suggests that these processes might
correspond to those hypothesized in the temporal lobe, the inferior
parietal lobule, and the superior parietal lobule, respectively. In
the last part of the talk, we discuss motion perception as potential
domain for EFA, presenting results from some preliminary experiments
to investigate the relative sensitivity of several motion-based
judgments to luminance versus texture-contrast.
____________
CSLI SEMINAR ON COMPUTATIONAL LEARNING AND ADAPTATION
on Friday, 13 April 2007, 4:15pm to 5:30pm
Cordura Hall 100
http://cll.stanford.edu/scla/schedule.shtml
"From Transient Patterns to Persistent Relational Structures
Episodic Memory formation via Cortico-hippocampal Interactions"
Lokendra Shastri
International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley
We readily remember events and situations in our daily lives and
acquire memories of specific facts by watching a telecast, reading a
newspaper, or participating in a dialogue. This one-shot mnemonic
ability poses a challenge for computational neuroscience: How does the
brain carry out this remarkable memorization task rapidly and
effortlessly?
There is a broad consensus that the hippocampal system (HS),
consisting of the hippocampal formation and neighboring cortical areas
plays a critical role in the encoding and retrieval of such "episodic"
memories. Furthermore, a great deal is known about the anatomy and
electrophysiology of the HS, including quantitative data about cell
counts and connectivity. But how the HS supports episodic memory
function is not well understood.
I will describe a circuit-level computational model (SMRITI*) that
demonstrates how a cortically expressed pattern of activity
representing an event can be transformed rapidly (~500 msec.) into a
robust memory trace by a neural structure analogous to the HS. The
model has a large memory capacity (> 50,000 events), displays a high
degree of pattern separation, and yet responds strongly to partial
cues.
The model suggests that there exists a striking correspondence between
the functional requirements of encoding episodic memories and the
idiosyncratic architecture and local circuitry of the HS. The model
also identifies constraints on the representation of relational
knowledge and predicts memory deficits that would result from insult
to specific HS subregions and cortical circuits projecting to the HS.
*System for Memorizing Relational Instances from Transient Impulses
____________
UC BERKELEY LINGUISTICS DEPARTMENT COLLOQUIUM
on Monday, 16 April 2007, 4:10pm
182 Dwinelle (Berkeley)
http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/events/
"The effect of prosodic complexity on phonological processing:
evidence from language impairment"
John Harris
University College London
In segmental phonology, there is a long tradition of linking
markedness with representational complexity (for example, as reflected
in the number of feature specifications a segment bears). The marked
nature of more complex representational entities is often assumed to
correlate with some notion of functional complexity or difficulty,
placing an increased burden on articulatory effort, auditory
perception or phonological processing. The link between complexity and
markedness does not obviously carry over into prosodic structure. For
example, while a binary branching syllable onset is both more marked
and more representationally complex than a non-branching onset, a
binary branching foot is less marked than a degenerate foot. Unmarked
binarity can plausibly be linked to constraints on the canonical
prosodic shapes of different types of morpheme. One of these
constraints requires lexical heads to branch, with the result that
words are minimally bimoraic or bisyllabic. In many languages, this
minimal structure coincides with the stress foot. What contributes to
metrical complexity is any structure that augments this minimal shape,
for example through the adjunction of unfooted syllables to word
edges.
The paper reports the results of an English non-word repetition
experiment designed to illuminate the influence of prosodic complexity
on phonological processing. The subjects fall into three groups: one
showing evidence of specific language impairment (SLI) and two
age-matched control groups of typically developing children. Non-word
stimuli were systematically varied along three syllabic and two
metrical parameters, each representing a binary opposition between an
unmarked and a marked structure: branching vs. non-branching onset;
open vs. closed rime; word-final V vs. C; presence vs. absence of a
left-adjoined unfooted syllable; presence vs. absence of a
right-adjoined unfooted syllable.
The main results can be summarised as follows. Unlike the two control
groups, the SLI group showed an incremental decrease in the number of
correct responses as the number of marked prosodic structures per
non-word increased. Increasing metrical complexity had a greater
negative effect on overall performance than increasing syllabic
complexity, particularly for the SLI group. While some of the errors
triggered by metrical complexity affected metrical structure itself
(in the form of weak-syllable omission), the bulk involved inaccurate
renditions of the syllabic and/or segmental content of the relevant
stimuli. The results support the conclusion that prosodic complexity
can affect non-word repetition accuracy independently of string
length.
____________
BERKELEY REDWOOD CENTER FOR THEORETICAL NEUROSCIENCE SEMINAR
on Tuesday, 17 April 2007, 12:30pm
3105 Tolman (Berkeley)
http://redwood.berkeley.edu/seminars.php
"Explicit Object Representation by Sparse Neural Codes"
Steve Waydo
Caltech
Highly sparse representations of objects in the visual environment in
which individual neurons display a strong selectivity for only one or
a few stimuli (such as familiar individuals or landmark buildings) out
of on the order of 100 presented to a test subject have been observed
in the human medial temporal lobe (MTL), a brain area believed to be
crucial to the formation of new semantic memories. The process by
which more distributed representations earlier in the visual pathway
are transformed to produce such highly selective and invariant units
results in information represented only implicitly by the pattern of
light impinging on the retina and in the firing of neurons in early
visual areas being made explicit at the level of MTL. This
"sparsification" may be an important design principle underlying the
structure of this brain region. We apply a modified version of the
model of Olshausen and Field, in which a network of nonlinear neurons
generates a sparse representation of its inputs through an
unsupervised learning process, to the outputs of a biologically
plausible model of the human ventral visual pathway. We train this
system on real-world images from multiple categories taken from the
Caltech-256 dataset. This training is carried out in an entirely
unsupervised manner, without specifying image categories or even the
number of categories present. Although the underlying constraint in
the model is merely to produce a sparse representation of its input
set, units emerge that respond selectively to specific image
categories such as faces and airplanes. The sparseness constraint thus
facilitates the formation of explicit representations of image
categories, despite the category information being represented only
implicitly in the input images.
____________
SRI CSL SEMINAR SERIES
on Tuesday, 17 April 2007, 2:30pm - 3:30pm
EK255, SRI International
http://www.csl.sri.com/
"Denials Leak Information: Simulatable Auditing"
Nina Mishra
University of Virginia
Private data is routinely collected by organizations so that it can be
mined for useful trends and patterns. While there is no question that
this data is valuable, it is also a digital record of the private
lives of citizens. At a high level, this talk addresses whether it is
possible to simultaneously discover interesting large-scale trends
while concealing private information about individuals. We will
specifically focus on one setting known as auditing: Given a sequence
of queries posed over sensitive data, when should queries be denied in
order to protect privacy? Our research uncovers a fundamental problem
overlooked by previous work in auditing, namely that the act of
denying can itself leak information. We discuss new auditing
algorithms that overcome these limitations.
This is joint work with K. Kenthapadi and K. Nissim.
About the Speaker: Nina Mishra is currently an Associate Professor at
the University of Virginia. Prior to that, she held a joint
appointment as a Senior Research Scientist at HP Labs and as an Acting
Faculty member at Stanford University. Her research interests are in
the design and analysis of data mining, machine learning and
privacy-preserving algorithms. She serves on the editorial boards for
the Machine Learning journal, IEEE TKDE, IEEE Intelligent Systems, and
the Journal of Privacy and Confidentiality. She served as Program
Chair for the ICML'03 conference (International Conference on Machine
Learning) and has served on numerous data mining and machine learning
program committees. She earned a PhD in Computer Science from the
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
____________
GIS SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP
on Wednesday, 18 April 2007, 3:00pm
Stanford Humanities Center
http://gissig.stanford.edu/
"GIS: Approaches and Exemplars"
Ruth Mostern
University of California, Merced
Paul S. Ell
Queen's University, Belfast
Ian Gregory
Lancaster University
Geographical information is becoming increasingly ubiquitous. Cars and
cell phones support intuitive and visually compelling navigation
systems; mapping services are a feature of sites promoting real
estate, public safety, and recreation; news reports are saturated with
descriptive and often interactive maps. In academia, the capacity to
readily organize, analyze and visualize geographical information has
changed the face of disciplines from Environmental Science to
Sociology. "Learning to think spatially," as a recent report from the
National Research Council puts it, has emerged as a challenge for
scholars, students, and society alike. Geographic information science
and systems hold the promise for reshaping scholarship in the
humanities. However, uptake in the humanities has been relatively
slow. For our disciplines, normally grounded in close, contextualized
and nuanced readings of texts, the demand for quantification and
modeling can be challenging, and the available data in any area may be
sparse and inconsistent. Nevertheless, in the past decade, scholars
have used GIS in the humanities to expand our knowledge of culture
while challenging the technology to better suit our disciplinary
traditions. In this presentation, we consider exemplary GIS research
agendas that have shown promise in both approaches and results. We
will reflect on both the new knowledge they provide about culture and
history, and on the ways that humanists and social scientists can
extend and enhance the capacity of all scholars to be more
sophisticated spatial thinkers.
About the Speakers: Ruth Mostern is Assistant Professor and Founding
Faculty in the School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts at the
University of California, Merced. Before joining the UC Merced
faculty, she was Head of Collections Development for the Electronic
Cultural Atlas Initiative, and continues to sit on the ECAI
ePublications board. She is also on the steering committee of
Pleiades: an Online Workspace for Ancient Geography and has served as
Historical Geography network chair for the Social Science History
Association. She is a specialist in geographical history with
particular interests in spatial organization in imperial China, and
the development of digital tools and methods for historical geography.
She is the author of several articles and is currently completing a
book entitled Apprehending the Realm: Territory and Authority in China
During the Song Era (960-1276 CE). She is Principal Investigator on a
grant from the Hewlett Foundation to create an interactive timeline
builder for historical study and has recently received research
fellowships from the University of California President's Research
Fellowships in the Humanities and the University of Sydney School of
Philosophical and Historical Inquiry.
Paul S Ell is the founding director of the Centre for Data
Digitisation and Analysis at Queen's University Belfast. He has
research interests in e-Science, e-resources and Geographical
Information Systems. He is the author of many articles and half a
dozen books including two published by Cambridge University Press, one
examining the geography of Victorian religion in Britain, and a second
looking at the role of Geographical Information Systems in the
Humanities and Arts. As director of CDDA he has been awarded more than
45 grants worth, in total, over $10 million. He actively promotes the
Centre and Queen's University internationally in a leadership role
within the University of California at Berkeley based Electronic
Cultural Atlas Initiative, and as an organiser of conference sessions
at the Association of American Geographers and the US-based Social
Science History Association. He has established memoranda of
understanding with key research centres around the world with
e-resource and GIS interests including the Humanities GIS Center at
Academia Sinica in Taiwan, the Polis Center at Indiana University
Purdue University Indianapolis and with International and Area Studies
at UC Berkeley. He is co-editor of the new Edinburgh University Press
International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing.
Dr. Ian Gregory is a Senior Lecturer in Digital Humanities at
Lancaster University where he leads the university's initiative in
digital humanities. His main research interests are in using GIS in
historical research and the humanities more broadly. He has written
two books on this topic and a large number of journal articles and
book chapters on this topic. He has twice been network chair of the
Social Science History Association's Historical Geography network,
is on the advisory committee of the Arts and Humanities Data Service,
History, is on the Institutional Board of the Electronic Cultural
Atlas Initiative, and is on the editorial boards of Social Science
History, Historical Methods, and the recently re-launched
International Journal of Arts and Humanities Computing. Current funded
projects include the Historical GIS Research Network, an Economic and
Social Research Council funded project to encourage the use of GIS
amongst historians (see http://www.hgis.org.uk) and a National
Endowment for the Humanities funded project on the links between
railways and rural population change in nineteenth century England and
France.
____________
SF BAY ACM TALK
on Wednesday, 18 April 2007, 6:30pm - 9:00pm
Hewlett Packard, Pruneridge and Wolfe, Cupertino, Bldg. 48, Oak Room
http://sfbayacm.org/
"Maker Faire: The Re-emergence of Maker Culture"
Dale Dougherty
editor and publisher of "Make" and "Craft" magazines
This year's Maker Faire will be a showcase of hundreds of amazing
makers. Maker Faire is a newfangled science fair, art fair and craft
faire. It's a family-friendly event that attracted over 20,000
attendees last year. This year's event will be held May 19-20 once
again at the San Mateo Fairgrounds. In this talk, Dale will preview
Maker Faire, talk about the development of Make and Craft magazines,
and offer insights into a range of re-emerging technologies
represented by Make and Craft magazines.
Please note: you are encouraged to bring items you have made to this
meeting. You will have an opportunity to briefly present your items at
the end of the talk.
Attendees will have a chance to win copies of Make magazine, Craft
magazine, and tickets to the Maker Faire..
About the Speaker: Dale Dougherty is the founder, editor, and
publisher of Make and Craft magazines, both of which focus on DIY
technology projects. He also organized Maker Faire, which will be held
May 19-20 in the Bay Area at the San Mateo Fairgrounds. Maker Faire is
a new kind of fair, combining elements of science fair, arts and
crafts fair, and county fair. Last year's event attracted more than
200 makers and 20,000 attendees.
Dale has been instrumental in many of O'Reilly's most important
efforts, working closely with Tim O'Reilly to establish O'Reilly as a
leading technical publisher. An early Web pioneer, Dale was the
developer and publisher of Global Network Navigator (GNN), the first
commercial Web site launched in 1993 and sold to America Online in
1995. Dale was developer and publisher of Web Review, the online
magazine for Web designers from 1995-1999, which was sold to CMP in
1999. He developed the Hacks Series of books in 2003, which includes
the bestselling Google Hacks and Excel Hacks.
Dale is General Manager of the Maker Media division of O'Reilly Media.
He lives and works in Sebastopol, California.
____________
SRI AI SEMINAR SERIES
on Thursday, 19 April 2007, 4:00pm - 5:30pm
EJ228, SRI International
http://www.ai.sri.com/seminars/
"little b, a language for building mathematical models of
biological systems"
Aneil Mallavarapu
Harvard
http://littleb.org/
Systems biology is increasingly turning to mathematical modeling to
understand the dynamics of molecular pathways. A model builder
translates a high-level description couched in terms of biology and
mechanistic assumptions into one of mathematical variables and
functions. Typically a modeller will need to prepare several related
models. Complexity arising from molecular complex formation and
reaction mechanics means that even small conceptual changes can
require numerous modifications at the mathematical level, making model
preparation both time consuming and error prone. Little b is a
Lisp-based modeling language designed to solve such problems. Current
work focuses on generating ordinary differential equation systems of
single or multi-compartment molecular systems. The core language
provides reasoning and symbolic mathematics capabilities with an
object-oriented framework, enabling users to extend the base
libraries, or develop modeling frameworks of their own.
About the Speaker: Aneil Mallavarapu is Senior Research Scientist at
Harvard Department of Systems Biology, where I helped start the
Virtual Cell Program, and currently lead the little b project. I
worked in the technology group of Millennium Pharmaceuticals,
developing software and hardware for genomics research, and initiated
pathway-centered knowledge management efforts there. I did my PhD in
Cell Biology and Biochemistry at UCSF. There and later at Harvard
Medical School, I studied cytoskeletal dynamics and developed a number
of optical technologies for marking, perturbing and visualizing
proteins in living cells.
____________
UC BERKELEY OXYOPIA LECTURE
on Thursday, 19 April 2007, 4:00pm
489 Minor Hall (UC Berkeley)
http://optometry.berkeley.edu/opt_txtpp/ce/oxyopias.html
"Visual Search: Is it a matter of life and death?"
Jeremy M. Wolfe
Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School
Like Gaul, this talk is divided into three parts: 1) I will give an
introduction to the problem of visual search and to the Guided Search
model that my lab has been working on for a number of years. The
details of Guided Search will be discussed in my other talk. 2) I will
place the problem of search into the larger context of visual
perception and show how our need to use selective attention leads to
some interesting perceptual errors. 3) Finally, in an effort to
convince you that my particular intellectual obsessions are, in fact,
"a matter of life and death." I will discuss an important practical
problem in search. Rare targets are hard to find simply because they
are rare. We ask people to find rare targets in some very important
tasks like airport baggage screening and routine mammography so, if
low target prevalence makes search difficult, this could be a real
problem.
____________
SSP10: SYMBOLIC SYSTEMS FORUM
on Thursday, 19 April 2007, 4:15pm
Bldg. 380:380C (Math Corner)
http://symsys.stanford.edu/ssp_events
"Understanding Students' Learning from Computerized Tutors:
Incorporating Individual Differences in Computational Models"
Anna Rafferty
M.S. Candidate, Symbolic Systems Program
Cognitive tutors that allow students to interact with a computer for
practice in a particular subject, such as math, are increasingly
appearing in student classrooms. These computer tutors use cognitive
models to track what skills students are learning and what skills
require more practice in order to select future problems; often, these
models must contain relatively few individualized student parameters
due to computational concerns. I will discuss a hybrid approach
emphasizing tractability and customization that can be used to balance
the need for computable cognitive models and more flexibility to
reflect learner characteristics. By using stereotypic student groups,
it is possible to model learning at a level of granularity
intermediate to individual students and the entire population of
students. Additionally, I will examine how particular algorithms can
be used to show that these groups do require different cognitive
models that have greater expressivity than the original model and what
consequences emerge from these differences in models.
____________
CS547: HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION SEMINAR
on Friday, 20 April 2007, 12:30-2:00pm
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
http://hci.stanford.edu/cs547/
"Social perturbations and posited practices:
looking at prototypes as more than immature proto-products"
Elizabeth Churchill
Yahoo!
Prototypes are an effective way of communicating. But communicating
what precisely? This talk explores the role of different types of
prototypes in researching and designing interactive artifacts - I will
emphasize the critical role prototypes play in the exchange and
development of potential product ideas but also in the development of
social theories of action and interaction.
Using notions from innovation management, design studies, social
theory and critical theory, I will illustrate how prototypes are
understood and misunderstood when people talk at cross purposes about
the illustrative intent of the prototype. Using a long term research
project that resulted in a product as an example, I will discuss the
different mock-ups and early prototypes that were used to illustrate
the technical, informational and social concepts that were being
illustrated; each one played a role many times clarifying and
sometimes confusing the conversation between different stakeholders in
the design and production process.
About the Speaker: Elizabeth Churchill is a principal research
scientist at Yahoo! Research, where she is developing the area of
Media Experience Research. Originally a psychologist by training, for
the past 15 years she has drawn on diverse areas to consider how to
design effective communication situations both face to face and
technologically mediated. Influences on her work include psychology,
sociology, anthropology, cultural studies, architecture, and film
studies. Applications developed and/or evaluated include cell phone
interfaces, textual and 3d graphical social interaction environments,
interactive digital posterboards and animated interface
personas. Until 2006 she worked at PARC, the Palo Alto Research Center
in Palo Alto, California. Before that she was the project lead of the
Social Computing Group at FX Palo Laboratory, Fuji Xerox's research
lab in Palo Alto.
____________
END MATERIAL
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