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CSLI Calendar, Wednesday, 25 February 2004, vol. 19:24
CSLI CALENDAR OF PUBLIC EVENTS
______________________________________________________________________
25 February 2004 Stanford Vol. 19, No. 24
______________________________________________________________________
A weekly publication of the
Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI)
Stanford University, Cordura Hall, Stanford, CA 94305-4115
http://www-csli.stanford.edu/
____________
ACTIVITIES FROM 25 FEBRUARY 2004 TO 5 MARCH 2004
WEDNESDAY, 25 FEBRUARY 2004
3:45pm Psychology Department Colloquium
Jordan Hall 420:041
"The Cultural Psychology of Suffering: The Many Meanings of
Health in Orissa, India (And Elsewhere)"
Richard Shweder
University of Chicago
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/news.html
4:15pm EE380: Computer Systems Lab Colloquium
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
"Multi-Microphone Speech Processing,
or Why Two Ears Are Better Than One"
Parham Aarabi
Artificial Perception Laboratory, University of Toronto
http://ee380.stanford.edu/contents.html
Abstract below
4:15pm OR Colloquium
Terman 453
"Improved Approximation For Sparsest Cuts"
Satish Rao
UC Berkeley
http://theory.stanford.edu/~aflb/
6:00pm Berkeley History and Philosophy of Logic, Mathematics, and Science
234 Moses, (Berkeley)
"Structural Content: A Naturalistic Approach to Implicit Belief"
Paul Skokowski
Stanford University
http://math.berkeley.edu/~jhafner/hplm/
THURSDAY, 26 FEBRUARY 2004
11:00am Music 319: CCRMA Hearing Seminar
CCRMA Library, The Knoll
"Seeing Music: Cross-modal Interactions in the Perception of
Solo Clarinet Performances"
Bradley Vines
McGill
http://mambo.ucsc.edu/psl/ccrmas/ccrmas.html
Abstract below
12:15pm CSLI CogLunch
Cordura Hall, Room 100
"The Cognitive Neuroscience of Remembering:
Building and Retrieving Memories"
Anthony Wagner
Psychology, Stanford
http://www-csli.stanford.edu/events/Coglunch/
12:15pm Stanford Networking Seminar
Packard 202
"Utility maximization, routing,fairness"
Steven Low
California Institute of Technology
http://netseminar.stanford.edu/
3:00pm Reuters Foundation Digital Vision Program Seminar
Reuters lounge, Cordura Hall
Dan Schwartz
Education, Stanford
http://cgi.stanford.edu/group/reuters/cgi-bin/calendar/index.cgi
3:30pm Social Lab
Jordan Hall 420:050
"Everyday Race-Making: Negotiating Racial Boundaries In School"
Amanda Lewis
Sociology And African American Studies, U. Illinois at Chicago
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/news.html#social_lab
3:30pm UC Berkeley Cognition, Brain, and Behavior
5101 Tolman (Berkeley)
"Stress, Neurodegeneration, and Strategies for Saving the
Endangered Neuron"
Rob Sapolsky
Stanford University
http://psychology.berkeley.edu/admin/colloquia.html
4:00pm Personality Seminar
Jordan Hall 420:100
"You can't always get what you want:
Social class, agency, and choice"
Alana Conner Snibbe
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/news.html#person_lab
4:00pm PARC Forum
George Pake Auditorium at PARC
"Identity a la Carte; or, You are what you eat"
Robin Lakoff
Linguistics, UC Berkeley
http://www.parc.com/forum/
Abstract below
4:15pm SSP10: Symbolic Systems Forum
Bldg. 380:380C (Math Corner)
"G\"odel vs. Turing on minds and machines"
Solomon Feferman
Mathematics and Philosophy, Stanford
http://symsys.stanford.edu:8081/ssp-dynamic/servlet/ssp_events
Abstract below
5:00pm UC Berkeley Linguistics Department Colloquium
182 Dwinelle (Berkeley)
"Modeling Cross-Linguistic Perceptual Differences"
Keith Johnson
OSU
http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/lingdept/Current/events.html
5:30pm Linguistics Discussion
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:126
"Consonantal Co-occurrence Restrictions in Muna -- Markedness,
Consonantal Correspondence or Similarity Avoidance?"
Andries Coetzee
FRIDAY, 27 FEBRUARY 2004
12 noon UC Berkeley Linguistics Department Colloquium
46 Dwinelle (Berkeley)
"Phonetic Variation In Conversational Speech"
Keith Johnson
OSU
http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/lingdept/Current/events.html
12:30pm CS547: Human-Computer Interaction Seminar
Gates B03
"NASA's Collaborative Information Portal: HCI Lessons Learned"
Joan Walton, Leslie Keely, and Ronald Mak
NASA Ames Research Center
http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/cs547/
Abstract below
2:30pm Berkeley International Computer Science Institute
ICSI, Rm 607 (UC Berkeley)
"ICSI Open House"
ICSI Research Staff
http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/talks/
Information below
3:15pm Philosophy Department Colloquium
Bldg. 90:92Q
"Aristotle on Goal-directedness and Continuous Change"
Christopher Mirus
University of Notre Dame
http://www-philosophy.stanford.edu/ce.html
3:15pm Friday Cognitive Seminar
Jordan Hall 420:100
FYP Talks
Asha Smith and Susan Standen
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/news.html#frisem
3:30pm Linguistics Department Colloquium
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:126
"A Rank-Ordering Model of EVAL:
Accounting for Gradient Performance Data"
Andries Coetzee
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/colloq/
Abstract below
4:15pm CS545: Database Seminar
Gates B12
"Databases and IR: Perspectives from RDBMS"
Surajit Chaudhuri
Microsoft Research
http://www-db.stanford.edu/dbseminar/
Abstract below
MONDAY, 1 MARCH 2004
9:00am Second Language Acquisition Reading Group
CERAS 204
"Foregrounding the Social Context of Linguistic Minorities:
Examples from Research on Welsh Youth"
Raquel Sanchez
Readings:
Baker, C. (1992). Ch. 2: "The origin of language attitudes." In
Attitudes and Language. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Giles, H. & Johnson, P. (1987). Ethnolinguistic identity theory: a
social psychological approach to language
maintenance. International Journal of the Sociology of
Language, 68, pp.69-99.
http://www.stanford.edu/~kenro/SLA-RG/
3:30pm Social Lab
Jordan Hall 420:050
"What's In A Face? Similarity vs. Familiarity
Effects In Political Perception"
Jeremy Bailenson and Shanto Iyengar
Communication, Stanford
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/news.html#social_lab
4:15pm CS528: Broad Area Colloquium in AI,
Geometry, Graphics, Robotics, and Vision
TCSeq 200
"Capturing Shape and Reflection from Images"
Steve Seitz
Computer Science, University of Washington
http://graphics.stanford.edu/courses/cs528/
Abstract below
4:15pm Special University Oral Examination
Edward L. Ginzton Laboratory, AP200
"Micromachined Silicon Diffractive Optical Encoder Force Sensors:
Principle and Applications in Biology"
Xiaojing (John X.J.) Zhang
Ph.D. Candidate, Electrical Engineering
http://www.stanford.edu/~xjzhang/
Abstract below
TUESDAY, 2 MARCH 2004
12 noon Linguistics Department Colloquium
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:126
"Innovation and reallocation in the quotative system:
A cross-variety approach"
Isabelle Buchstaller
University of Edinburgh
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/colloq/
4:15pm EE392: Sensor Networks Seminar
Jordan Hall 041
"Future research opportunities for sensor networks"
Sri Kumar
DARPA
http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee392s/
4:30pm Stanford Security Seminar
Gates 4B center area (opposite 490)
"Methods for Software Protection"
Clark Thomborson
The University of Auckland
http://theory.stanford.edu/seclab/sem.html
WEDNESDAY, 3 MARCH 2004
3:45pm Psychology Department Colloquium
Jordan Hall 420:041
"Neural Components of Inhibitory Processing"
John Jonides
University of Michigan
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/news.html
4:15pm CSLI Seminar on Computational Learning and Adaptation
Cordura Hall, room 100
Title to be announced
Geoff Gordon
Carnegie Mellon University
http://cll.stanford.edu/scla.html
4:15pm EE380: Computer Systems Lab Colloquium
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
"Open for Change"
Matthew Szulik
President and CEO, RedHat
http://ee380.stanford.edu/contents.html
Abstract below
THURSDAY, 4 MARCH 2004
12 noon Semantics and Pragmatics Workshop
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:126
"Scalar Complexity and the Structure of Events"
John Beavers
Stanford University
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/semgroup/
12:15pm Stanford Networking Seminar
Packard 202
Title to be announced
Steven Gribble
University of Washington
http://netseminar.stanford.edu/
3:00pm Reuters Foundation Digital Vision Program Seminar
Reuters lounge, Cordura Hall
Isabel Maxwell
formerly iCognito Technologies
http://cgi.stanford.edu/group/reuters/cgi-bin/calendar/index.cgi
4:00pm Personality Seminar
Jordan Hall 420:100
Title to be announced
Susan Folkman
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/news.html#person_lab
4:00pm SRI AI Seminar Series
EJ228, SRI International
"Applying Plan Recognition to Cyber Attacks"
Peter A Jarvis
Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI
http://www.ai.sri.com/seminars/
Abstract below
4:00pm UC Berkeley CIS Seminar
Soda Hall 310 (UC Berkeley)
Title to be announced
Alan Fern
Purdue
http://min.ecn.purdue.edu/~afern/
http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ywteh/cis-seminar
4:10pm UC Berkeley Philosophy Department Colloquium
Howison Philosophy Library, (305 Moses Hall) (Berkeley)
"Virtue Ethics and Social Psychology"
Julia Annas
University of Arizona
http://philosophy.berkeley.edu/html/events/deptevents.html
4:15pm SSP10: Symbolic Systems Forum
Bldg. 380:380C (Math Corner)
"In Search of Bloom's Missing Sigma"
Heather Pon-Barry
Symbolic Systems Program, Stanford University
http://symsys.stanford.edu:8081/ssp-dynamic/servlet/ssp_events
Abstract below
4:15pm Information Systems Seminar
Packard 101
Title to be announced
Bixio Rimoldi
EPFL
http://isl.stanford.edu/groups/seminar/
FRIDAY, 5 MARCH 2004
11:00am UC Berkeley ICBS Colloquium
Tolman 5101 (Berkeley)
Title to be announced
Stephen Lea
Psychology, University of Exeter
http://socrates.berkeley.edu:4247/seminar.html
12:30pm CS547: Human-Computer Interaction Seminar
Gates B03
"Privacy in the Age of Ubiquitous Computing"
Jason Hong
UC Berkeley
http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~jasonh/
http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/cs547/
Abstract below
12 noon Logical Methods in the Humanities
Bldg. 90:92Q (Philosophy)
"Hobbes on Rigorous Demonstration: Theory Meets Practice"
Doug Jesseph
North Carolina
http://www-logic.stanford.edu/seminars.html
Abstract below
3:15pm Friday Cognitive Seminar
Jordan Hall 420:100
FYP Talks
Nicole Dudukovic and Brice Kuhl
http://www-psych.stanford.edu/news.html#frisem
4:15pm CS545: Database Seminar
Gates B12
"Processing Life Science Data using Scalable Database Technology"
Christoph Freytag
Humboldt University Berlin
http://www-db.stanford.edu/dbseminar/
Abstract below
____________
Stanford Blood Center status: Shortage of O+, O-, A+, AB+, and AB-. For an
appointment: http://bloodcenter.stanford.edu/ or call 650-723-7831.
It only takes an hour of your time.
____________
EE380: COMPUTER SYSTEMS LAB COLLOQUIUM
on Wednesday, 25 February 2004, 4:15pm to 5:30pm
NEC Auditorium (B03), Gates Computer Science Building
http://ee380.stanford.edu/contents.html
"Multi-Microphone Speech Processing,
or Why Two Ears Are Better Than One"
Parham Aarabi
University of Toronto
http://www.apl.utoronto.ca/
Speech recognition will one day revolutionize how humans and computers
interact, and in turn, how and where computers are used. Before this
can happen, speech recognition systems must become accurate and
robust, all the while remaining computationally feasible. This talk
will introduce current microphone array based robust speech processing
research at the University of Toronto's Artificial Perception
Laboratory.
We start by introducing novel sound source localization techniques,
followed by microphone array based speech de-noising and separation.
Finally, we shall discuss hardware acceleration and FPGA/VLSI
implementation of our multi-microphone speech processing algorithms.
About the speaker: Professor Parham Aarabi is a faculty member in the
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of
Toronto, a Canada Research Chair in Multi-Sensor Information Systems,
and the founder and director of the Artificial Perception
Lab. Prof. Aarabi received his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from
Stanford University in 2001, his M.A.Sc. in Electrical and Computer
Engineering from the University of Toronto in 1999, and his B.A.Sc. in
Engineering Science (Electrical Option) from the University of Toronto
in 1998. Prof. Aarabi has been the recipient of numerous teaching and
research awards, including the Ontario Distinguished Researcher Award,
the 2002 Best Computer Engineering Professor Award, the Early Career
Teaching Award, and the 2003 Professor of the Year Award. His current
research, which includes multi-sensor information fusion,
human-computer interactions, and FPGA/VLSI implementation of sensor
fusion algorithms, has been extensively covered by a variety of
newspapers and television shows including the Discovery Channel, CBC
Newsworld, and Scientific American.
____________
MUSIC 319: CCRMA HEARING SEMINAR
on Thursday, 26 February 2004, 11:00am
CCRMA Library, The Knoll
http://mambo.ucsc.edu/psl/ccrmas/ccrmas.html
Many of you are familiar with the McGurk effect: what we see affects
how we perceive speech. Likewise, there are some old studies that
show that the quality of an audio signal affects how people perceive
the quality of the associated video signal. But what about music? Do
our eyes affect how we perceive music?
Bradley Vines has been investigating how your visual perception of an
artist affects our musical perception? What is it about the
performance, as seen by our eyes, contributes to the musical
experience.
I think this topic is interesting because it calls into question the
bottom-up approach assumed by most researchers? Why should our eyes
affect how the auditory cortex perceives sounds? And this will be
interesting to musicians and performance people.
- Malcolm
"Seeing Music:
Cross-modal Interactions in the Perception of Solo Clarinet Performances"
Bradley Vines
McGill
The expressive movements of musicians are rich with affective and
structural information about the piece being played and about the
performers' emotions and intentions. Being able to see a musician may
potentially augment or modify an observer's experience of the music,
just as non-speech gestures, such as facial expressions and body
postures, may reinforce or modify the meaningful and emotional content
in speech. The objectives of the research presented here were to
identify when and how the visual aspect of a musical performance
contributes to one's perception of the music and to determine what
information is shared between vision and sound. In an experiment,
musically trained participants saw, heard, or both saw and heard solo
clarinet performances of a Stravinsky piece. All participants made
continuous judgments of tension and of phrasing while the performances
were presented. Continuous measurements are ideal for use with
dynamic musical stimuli because they reveal a person's evolving
experience. The tension judgment indexed emotion and the phrasing
judgment indexed the perception of structure in the piece. Using
traditional statistics along with techniques in the area of Functional
Data Analysis (Ramsay & Silverman, 1997), the judgments were compared
across presentation conditions. The effect of "seeing" on the
participants' judgments was found to vary along with the clarinetists'
gestural patterns and with structural features in the sound and score.
____________
PARC FORUM
on Thursday, 26 February 2004, 4:00pm - 5:00pm
George Pake Auditorium, PARC
http://www.parc.com/forum/
"Identity a la Carte; or, You are what you eat"
Robin Lakoff
Linguistics, UC Berkeley
In recent years, the construction of human identity has received much
discussion. The majority of it has focused on what might be called
"major identities": those aspects of individual or group identity that
receive most of our conscious focus: gender, race, and nationality,
for example. But we also construct our selves through the creation of
"minor identities": less salient, but still significant aspects of our
selves. One of these consists of our attitudes towards food and its
preparation: how much we care about it, and how much we know about it.
This paper examines two of the formats in which these identities are
collaboratively constructed between creator and consumer: restaurant
menus and cookbook recipes. Changes in the forms of these over time,
within the United States in particular, are examined, and differences
between the menus of restaurants of different kinds, and the recipes
in cookbooks of different kinds, are analyzed in terms of what those
differences across time and style tell us about who we are, as food
creators/consumers.
About the Speaker: Prof. Robin Tolmach Lakoff is a professor of
linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley. She received
an A.B. from Harvard College in Classics and Linguistics, an M.A. from
Indiana University in Linguistics and Classics, and a Ph.D. from
Harvard University in Linguistics. She has been a member of the
faculty at Berkeley since 1972.
She was a Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral
Sciences at Stanford University in 1971-1972, and has been a NIMH
Postdoctoral Fellow at M.I.T. and has been awarded a Guggenheim
fellowship.
Among her publications are: Abstract Syntax and Latin Complementation,
M.I.T. Press, 1968; Language and a Woman's Place, Harper & Row, 1975;
Face Value: The Politics of Beauty (with Mandy Aftel), Warner, 1985;
Talking Power: The Politics of Language, Basic Books, 1991; Father
Knows Best: The Use and Abuse of Psychotherapy in Freud's Case of Dora
(with James Coyne), Teachers College Press, 1993; and The Language
War, University of California Press, 2000.
____________
SSP10: SYMBOLIC SYSTEMS FORUM
on Thursday, 26 February 2004, 4:15pm
Bldg. 380:380C (Math Corner)
http://symsys.stanford.edu:8081/ssp-dynamic/servlet/ssp_events
"G\"odel's Theorem, Minds and Machines"
Solomon Feferman
Mathematics and Philosophy, Stanford
G\"odel's incompleteness theorem (1931) is the most famous result of
all time in mathematical logic. Its significance has been seen as
stretching far beyond the fields of logic and mathematics to the very
nature of the human mind and its potentialities, but such claims are
very controversial. The theorem itself tells us that for any
consistent mathematical axiom system S there are simple arithmetical
statements which are true but unprovable in S. One view of the
significance of this result is that there are essential limits to
human knowledge, since mind is the product of the brain, and all of
the brain's activities (including proving theorems in axiomatic
systems) may be modeled in computational terms. But other
philosophers and mathematicians have advanced an opposite view:
G\"odel's theorem shows that mind surpasses anything that can be
modeled in terms of computing machines, and is thus potentially
unlimited. In this talk I will present and critique G\"odel's own
unusual formulation of the issues involved.
About the Speaker: Solomon Feferman is Professor of Mathematics and
Philosophy, Emeritus, at Stanford University. He is the author of
numerous articles on logic and the foundations of mathematics, and of
_In the Light of Logic_ (Oxford University Press 1998),
editor-in-chief of the _Collected Works of Kurt G\"odel_ (Vols. I-V,
Oxford University Press, 1986-2003), and co-author with Anita
B. Feferman of _Truth and Consequences: The life and logic of Alfred
Tarski_ (Cambridge University Press, forthcoming). Feferman is the
recipient of the Rolf Schock Prize for Logic and Philosophy for 2003.
____________
CS547: HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION SEMINAR
on Friday, 27 February 2004, 12:30-2:00pm
Gates B03
http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/cs547/
"NASA's Collaborative Information Portal: HCI Lessons Learned"
Joan Walton, Leslie Keely, and Ronald Mak
NASA Ames Research Center
We developed the Collaborative Information Portal at the NASA Ames
Research Center to support the current Mars Exploration Rovers
mission. CIP enables mission managers and scientists and engineers
worldwide to display and collaborate on data and images downloaded
from Mars and to view mission schedules, reports, and clocks.
CIP was not a research or academic exercise. Instead, it is
production-quality code we created under strict time constraints to
meet ever-changing requirements. It became a successful and popular
application and a critical resource that mission personnel use
everywhere.
CIP is a three-tier enterprise application. Most of the human
interaction occurs, as one would expect, with end users at the client
tier. But developers and support engineers also interact with the
application in the middleware and data tiers. Human interaction ranges
from sophisticated graphical user interfaces to XML-based
configuration files.
After brief overviews of the Mars mission and of the CIP architecture,
we'll examine some of the HCI design decisions that we made for
CIP. Users often use the application differently than we had
anticipated, or they make assumptions we did not expect. For example,
the CIP middleware supplies Earth and Mars times with millisecond
accuracy. But due to network latency, the times displayed by the
clients may be several seconds off. Despite repeated admonitions, end
users rely upon the displayed times and expect them to be correct.
We'll discuss the lessons we've learned -- most things worked well but
a few didn't -- and which design decisions we would keep or change for
future missions.
About the Speakers: Joan Walton is a computer scientist and the deputy
project manager for CIP. She led CIP's evolution from Perl and CGI to
Java and web services, and she is currently integrating its
technologies into other NASA projects. Joan has a M.S. in Medical
Information Sciences with concentration in Computer Science from
Stanford University and a B.A. in Physics from Swarthmore College.
Leslie Keely is a computer scientist at the NASA Ames Research
Center. She designed and led the development of the CIP client
applications, and she also does research in the area of data
visualization. Leslie has a B.S. in Computer Science and a B.S. in
Botany from the University of Oklahoma.
Ronald Mak is a senior scientist at the Research Institute for
Advanced Computer Science, which is located at the NASA Ames Research
Center. He designed and led the development of the CIP middleware, and
he is also researching new applications of web services
technologies. Ron has a M.S. in Computer Science and a B.S. in the
Mathematical Sciences from Stanford University.
____________
BERKELEY INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER SCIENCE INSTITUTE
on Friday, 27 February 2004, 2:30pm - 4:30pm
Main Lecture Hall, ICSI, 1947 Center Street, Sixth Floor, Berkeley
http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/talks/
"ICSI Open House"
ICSI Research Staff
2:30-3:30 Posters and Demonstrations (research on speech, language,
and internet security)
3:30-4:30 Lectures
3:30-3:45 "ICSI Overview" - Nelson Morgan, Director
3:45-4:30 "The Threat of Internet Worms" - Vern Paxson, Senior Researcher
Abstract for Vern Paxson's Lecture:
Recent years have seen repeated releases of Internet-scale "worms" -
programs that self-propagate across the network by exploiting security
vulnerabilities in open Internet servers. The speed and size of the
infections pose great challenges for defending against them. We will
look at measured behavior of worms, likely evolution of "better" worms
as attackers incorporate additional techniques, and possibilities for
defenses.
____________
LINGUISTICS DEPARTMENT COLLOQUIUM
on Friday, 27 February 2004, 3:30pm
Margaret Jacks Hall, Room 460:126
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/colloq/
"A Rank-Ordering Model of EVAL:
Accounting for Gradient Performance Data"
Andries Coetzee
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
In classic Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky, 1993), EVAL is
seen as a function that makes only a two-way distinction in the
candidate set - between the best candidate and the set of losers. I
argue that we should think differently about EVAL. EVAL should be seen
as a function that imposes a harmonic rank-ordering on the complete
candidate set. In this way an OT grammar provides enough information
that any two candidates can be compared for their relative
well-formedness. We can compare even two losers (two ungrammatical
forms) and determine which is more and which is less well-formed.
These finer distinctions made by EVAL are linguistically relevant. I
show that these distinctions are used by language users inter alia
when they make well-formedness judgments and when they perform lexical
decision tasks.
(i) Well-formedness judgments. When language users have to rate the
well-formedness of non-words, they rate non-words that are more
well-formed in terms of the grammar better than non-words that are
less well-formed.
(ii) Lexical decision. Language users use inter alia the information
supplied by grammar when they make lexical decisions. A non-word that
is more well-formed in terms of the grammar is considered more
seriously as a possible word. Such a non-word is therefore rejected
more slowly than a non-word that is less well-formed.
In well-formedness judgments and in lexical decision tasks, language
users rely on information about the relative well-formedness of
tokens. This implies that language users can make finer distinctions
than simply between grammatical and ungrammatical forms. We therefore
also need a grammar that can make these finer distinctions.
I illustrate this using a restriction on possible words in
English. English allows words of the form [sCvC] where both C's are
[t], but not where both C's are [p] or [k] - i.e. "state" but
*"spape", *"skake". We therefore know that [sTvT] is more well-formed
that both [sPvP] and [sKvK] in English. Based on cross-linguistic
evidence, I argue that [sKvK] is also more well-formed than [sPvP]. I
then develop an OT account of this restriction in English that imposes
the following harmonic rank-ordering: [sTvT] > [sKvK] > [sPvP].
In order to test whether this account is correct, I conducted two sets
of experiments with English listeners.
(i) Well-formedness judgments. I presented English listeners with
non-words of the form [sTvT], [sKvK] and [sPvP]. Their task was to
rate the well-formedness of the non-words. On average, they rated
[sTvT]-tokens the best, then [sKvK]-tokens, and then [sPvP]-tokens.
(ii) Lexical decision. I presented English listeners with a list of
tokens containing both non-words and words. Their task was to
discriminate between words and non-words. On average, they detected
non-words of the form [sTvT] the slowest, then non-words of the form
[sKvK] faster, and finally non-words of the form [sPvP] the fastest.
These experiments therefore provide support for the OT account of this
restriction that I developed, and also for the rank-ordering model of
EVAL.
____________
CS545: DATABASE SEMINAR
on Friday, 27 February 2004, 4:15pm - 5:30pm
Gates B12
http://www-db.stanford.edu/dbseminar/
"Databases and IR: Perspectives from RDBMS"
Surajit Chaudhuri
Microsoft Research
In this talk, we will discuss a couple of applications that demand
better synergy between the text and the relational world. Based on
that discussion, we identify a few interesting challenges for
relational databases and discuss our ongoing work on these problems as
part of the Data Exploration research project at Microsoft.
About the Speaker: Surajit Chaudhuri is a Senior Researcher and
Manager of the Data Management and Exploration group at Microsoft
Research. His research interests are in the area of self-tuning
database systems, data cleaning, and integration of relational and IR
querying paradigms.
____________
CS528: BROAD AREA COLLOQUIUM FOR
AI-GEOMETRY-GRAPHICS-VISION-ROBOTICS
on Monday, 1 March 2004, 4:15pm
TCSeq 200
http://graphics.stanford.edu/courses/cs528/
"Capturing Shape and Reflection from Images"
Steve Seitz
Computer Science, University of Washington
Surfaces in the real world reflect light in interesting and complex
ways. For instance, wood looks the way it does (different from
leather, skin, hair, satin, etc.) because it reflects light in a
characteristic way, as a function of illumination, viewpoint, and
surface-varying grain. While humans have no problem interpreting
images of scenes with widely varying material properties, developing
computational mechanisms for handling realistic materials is a wide
open problem in computer vision.
In this talk, I will address the problem of reconstructing 3D shape
models of scenes with very general reflectance properties from images.
The resulting algorithms operate on an extremely broad class of
materials and objects, ranging from wood, to oxidized metal, to
brushed fur.
This is collaborative work with Dan Goldman, Adrien Treuille, Brian
Curless, and Aaron Hertzmann.
About the Speaker Steve Seitz is an Associate Professor in the
Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of
Washington. He received his B.A. in computer science and mathematics
at the University of California, Berkeley in 1991 and his Ph.D. in
computer sciences at the University of Wisconsin, Madison in
1997. Following his doctoral work, he spent one year visiting the
Vision Technology Group at Microsoft Research, and subsequently two
years as an Assistant Professor in the Robotics Institute at Carnegie
Mellon University. He joined the faculty at the University of
Washington in 2000. He was twice awarded the David Marr Prize for the
best paper at the International Conference of Computer Vision, and has
received an NSF Career Award, an ONR Young Investigator Award, and an
Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship.
____________
SPECIAL UNIVERSITY ORAL EXAMINATION
on Monday, 1 March 2004, 4:15pm - 5:30pm
Edward L. Ginzton Laboratory, AP200
http://www.stanford.edu/~xjzhang/
Refreshments Start at 4:00pm
"Micromachined Silicon Diffractive Optical Encoder Force Sensors:
Principle and Applications in Biology"
Xiaojing (John X.J.) Zhang
Ph.D. Candidate, Electrical Engineering
Miniaturized instruments for injection and positioning of single cells
and embryos are becoming increasingly important in biological and
genetic studies. Localized and accurate microinjection of genetic
material into biological model systems, such as Drosophila, will
enable a variety of studies in developmental biology and genetics. For
such studies to be carried out in-vivo, the damage caused by the
injection must be minimized. We study the force required for
penetration and injection into Drosophila embryos using surface
micromachined silicon-nitride probe with integrated,
micrograting-based force sensors. The probe is supported by springs
of known spring constant, and the penetration force is determined from
displacement measurements using a high-resolution, miniaturized
optical encoder that is designed to only be sensitive to axial
deflections of the probe. The encoder is based on transmission phase
gratings to optimize optical throughput. Tunability of the sensor can
be achieved by either using arrays of integrated optical encoders with
various pitch, or by varying the size of the optical beam on the
encoder. The periodicity of the encoder response can be used for
calibration of the injector displacement and to obtain information
about the elastic properties of the target. We used a force sensor
with a measured spring constant of 1.85 N/m for static penetration
experiments on Drosophila embryos, and found a penetration force of
52.5B5N (=B113.2%) and a membrane displacement of 58 =B5m
(=B15.2%). Using a piezoelectric actuator to vibrate the probe
longitudinally, we found that the penetration force to be reduced by
3.6 =B5N with every 0.1 m/s tip velocity increase.
We also demonstrated microfluidic self-assembled immobilization of
Drosophila embryos in 2-D arrays, which facilitates parallel,
high-throughput microinjections, and measure the positioning force
acting on the embryos in the array. The positioning force is the most
critical parameter in determining alignment errors, which in turn
determines whether acceptable injection yields can be achieved. We
operate the optical-encoder force sensor in reflection to characterize
the positioning forces, and to study shape-matching, alignment
tolerance and hysteresis of the self-assembly process as a function of
pad geometry. An extended surface energy model is developed for
simulations of the positioning forces and the affiliated potential
energy wells created by the oil-based fluidic system between the
ellipsoidal embryo and the flat pad. Both experimental and simulation
results show a linear-spring like relationship between the force and
displacement of the embryos, in contrast to the constant positioning
force profile observed for self-assembly of flat silicon pieces. The
optical MEMS encoder force sensor is shown to be a versatile tool
enabling high precision probing and efficient manipulation of single
cells and embryos on-chip for a wide range of applications.
____________
EE380: COMPUTER SYSTEMS LAB COLLOQUIUM
on Wednesday, 3 March 2004, 4:15pm to 5:30pm
NEC Auditorium (B03), Gates Computer Science Building
http://ee380.stanford.edu/contents.html
"Open for Change"
Matthew Szulik
President and CEO, RedHat
As a vehicle for economic and social change, the power of open source
is immeasurable. It's changing how people learn, how developers
create, how companies do business. In this talk, Red Hat CEO Matthew
Szulik will share his vision of how the open source model is allowing
greater affordability and access to technology, from the world's
largest organizations to its poorest societies.
About the speaker: Matthew J. Szulik,RedHat Chairman, Chief Executive
Officer and President has been leading early-stage technology
companies, such as Interleaf, MapInfo, and Red Hat, into global,
publicly traded firms for more than 20 years. In 1998, Szulik and Red
Hat founder Bob Young developed a shared vision that the collaborative
approach of open source and a great brand could redistribute the
economics of the technology industry from vendor to customer.
Following successful public offerings in 1999 and 2000, Red Hat has
developed global partnerships with Oracle, IBM, Dell, Intel, and HP to
deliver technology based on open source technology. Today, Red Hat is
the leading provider of Linux and open source technology to the
enterprise and is positioned to be the defining technology company of
the 21st century.
Szulik is passionate about improving the educational opportunities for
students worldwide through open source, and he is a spokesperson to
industry, government, and education leaders on open source computing.
Szulik is the Chairman of the Science and Technology Board for State
of North Carolina's Economic Development Board and is currently a
Director of Tibco Software. He is past Chairman and an Executive
Director of the North Carolina Electronics and Information
Technologies Association.
Szulik was recently recognized by CIO Magazine with its 20/20 Vision
Award.
____________
SRI AI SEMINAR SERIES
on Thursday, 4 March 2004, 4:00pm - 5:30pm
EJ228, SRI International
http://www.ai.sri.com/seminars/
"Applying Plan Recognition to Cyber Attacks"
Peter A Jarvis
Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International
http://homepage.mac.com/peterajarvis/
We describe the application of plan recognition techniques to support
computer system administrators in processing cyber security alert sets
by automatically identifying the hostile intent behind them.
Identifying the intent enables us to both prioritize and explain the
clusters for succinct user presentation. Our empirical evaluation
demonstrates that the approach can handle alert sets of as many as 20
elements and can readily distinguish between false and true alert
sets. We discuss important opportunities for the future work that is
needed to increase the cardinality of the alert sets supported by the
system to the level needed by a deployable application. In particular
we outline opportunities to bring the analysts into the process and
the opportunities for heuristic improvements to the plan recognition
algorithm.
About the Speaker: Peter holds a PhD in Artificial Intelligence and a
first class BSc in Computer Science. His research interests center
around tool support for authoring and managing plans. He has worked in
domains as diverse as Air Campaign Planning (USAF) and Product
Innovation in the chemical industry (Unilever, ICI, BG
Technology). Today he is working on the Department of Defense (DARPA)
Active Templates Program to support command and control processes for
Special Operations Forces.
____________
SSP10: SYMBOLIC SYSTEMS FORUM
on Thursday, 4 March 2004, 4:15pm
Bldg. 380:380C (Math Corner)
http://symsys.stanford.edu:8081/ssp-dynamic/servlet/ssp_events
"In Search of Bloom's Missing Sigma"
Heather Pon-Barry
M.S. Candidate, Symbolic Systems Program, Stanford University
In 1984, Benjamin Bloom reported that students who interacted with
expert human tutors yielded test scores two standard deviations above
those who received ordinary classroom instruction. Since then, this "2
sigma" effect has been commonly used as the gold-standard for
measuring instructional effectiveness. Researchers in various fields
have been building intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) for over three
decades--with a recent trend towards dialogue-based tutoring
systems--yet currently, the best ITSs report learning gains of only 1
standard deviation above classroom instruction. Naturally this leads
one to wonder, what happened to the second sigma? What is it that
expert human tutors do that makes their interaction so effective? At
CSLI, we have been developing the first Spoken Conversational Tutor
(SCoT) under the hypothesis that spoken dialogue might account for
(part of) Bloom's missing sigma. I have been exploring the idea that
certain features of the student's language can be used to help the
tutor present information at an appropriate level of granularity.
Adapting to their behavior in this way should make it easier for the
student to build a clear mental representation of what is being
discussed, and thus facilitate self-reflection. In this talk, I will
present the work I have been doing to test these hypotheses, and
describe how they have influenced the architecture of the tutorial
component I am designing.
____________
CS547: HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION SEMINAR
on Friday, 5 March 2004, 12:30-2:00pm
Gates B03
http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/cs547/
"Privacy in the Age of Ubiquitous Computing"
Jason I. Hong
UC Berkeley Group for User Interface Research
In 1991, Mark Weiser described his vision of "Ubiquitous Computing", a
world in which computation and communication would be invisibly
enmeshed in all aspects of our everyday lives. Advances in sensors and
wireless networking are taking us closer towards this vision, enabling
us to gather and share information at unprecedented levels in
real-time. A simple example of this is E911, where 911 emergency calls
are augmented by the caller's current location. A more radical version
of ubiquitous computing was portrayed in the recent movie Minority
Report.
However, while there is great promise in terms of safety and
efficiency, there are numerous concerns about privacy in such a
world. In this talk, I outline some ongoing work in privacy and
ubiquitous computing that our research group has been
investigating. This includes surveys and interviews we have done to
understand the nature of people's concerns, some pitfalls we have
encountered in designing for privacy, and some applications we have
been developing that make it easier for people to manage their
personal privacy.
About the Speaker: Jason I. Hong is a Computer Science PhD student in
the Group for User Interface Research (GUIR) at the University of
California at Berkeley. His research interests are in Human-Computer
Interaction, specifically in sensor-based context-aware systems,
multimodal interaction enabling richer kinds of input and output,
information technology and privacy, and applications for streamlining
emergency response. He is also an author of the book The Design of
Sites, a pattern-based approach to designing customer-centered web
sites.
____________
LOGICAL METHODS IN THE HUMANITIES
on Friday, 5 March 2004, 3:15pm-5:15pm
Bldg. 90:92Q (Philosophy)
http://www-logic.stanford.edu/seminars.html
"Hobbes on Rigorous Demonstration: Theory Meets Practice"
Doug Jesseph
North Carolina
This paper investigates Hobbes's stated criteria for rigorous
demonstration and contrasts them with his mathematical practice, as
exemplified in various efforts at circle quadrature and failed
attempts to solve other notable problems. I argue that Hobbes was
misled into thinking that not only must every geometric problem must
be solvable, but also that he had hit upon a method that would deliver
quick and easy solutions to any geometric problem. The sources of this
mistake are to be found in Hobbes's methodological doctrine that all
proper geometric demonstrations must proceed from causes, together
with his belief that his own program for geometry was based upon
definitions that adequately expressed geometric causes and thus
offered the prospect of solving every problem. I also argue that
Hobbes's repeated and emphatic rejection of analytic geometry is a
consequence of his belief that analytic techniques are essentially
arithmetical rather than geometrical, and are consequently irrelevant
to the solution of purely geometric problems.
____________
CS545: DATABASE SEMINAR
on Friday, 5 March 2004, 4:15pm - 5:30pm
Gates B12
http://www-db.stanford.edu/dbseminar/
"Processing Life Science Data using Scalable Database Technology"
Christoph Freytag
Humboldt University Berlin
This talk provides an overview of our (DBIS) research work in the area
of Genomics (Life Science), one of the most challenging areas for
computer science and database systems. Based on the current technology
we describe some of the challenges that we try to tackle using
scalable database technology.
First, we discuss some of fundamental problems that arise when
integrating, storing, and accessing genomic data in an ORDBMS. The
genomics view differs in several aspects compared to the database
view. Based on our observations and our experience with real users we
describe our approach to data integration by suggesting a processing
framework that encompasses flexibility and extensibility.
Second, we show that existing approaches to data cleansing have very
little success in the area of life science. I show how to identify
inconsistencies and errors in life science data before trying to
correct them, if possible.
Third, we focus on one of the major algorithms for similarity search
and discuss its alternatives for integration it into a database
oriented processing environment.
Finally, based on cooperation with life scientists I use a challenging
problem from the area of genetics (alternative splicing), to show how
to support complex data processing using data base technology both on
the data and metadata level.
About the Speaker: Johann-Christoph Freytag is currently full
professor for databases and information systems at the Computer
Science Department of the Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin,
Germany. Before joining the department in 1994 he was a research staff
member at the IBM Almaden Research Center (1985-1987), a researcher at
the European Computer-Industry-Research Centre (ECRC, in Munich,
Germany, 1987-1989), and the head of Digital's Database Technology
Center (also in Munich, 1990-1993). He holds a Ph.D. from Harvard
University.
Dr. Freytag's research interests include all aspects of query
processing and query optimization in object-relational database
systems, new developments in the database area (such as semistructured
data, data quality, databases and security), and applying database
technology to applications such as GIS, genomics, and
bioinformatics/life science. In the last years he received the IBM
Faculty Award 4 times for collaborative work in the areas of
databases, middleware, and bioinformatics/life science.
____________
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