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CSLI Calendar, Wednesday, 24 May 2000, vol. 15:32
C S L I C A L E N D A R O F P U B L I C E V E N T S
______________________________________________________________________
24 May 2000 Stanford Vol. 15, No. 32
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A weekly publication of the
Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI)
Stanford University, Ventura Hall, Stanford, CA 94305-4115
____________
ACTIVITIES FROM 24 MAY TO 2 JUNE 2000
WEDNESDAY, 24 MAY 2000
12:45pm CS548: Distributed Systems Research Seminar
McCullough 150
E-speak: the Technology for Ubiquitous E-services
Alan H. Karp
Open Services Operation, Hewlett-Packard
http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs548/
Abstract below
2:00pm E-Commerce Seminar
GSB S161 (Graduate School of Business)
B2B Exchanges and Metamarkets
Kevin Grieve,
Partner and co-leader, Financial Services practice
Diamond Technology Partners
http://www.gsb.stanford.edu/CEBC/comun_act/seminar.html
4:15pm Broad Area Colloquium in AI,
Geometry, Graphics, Robotics, and Vision
TCseq201, Lecture Hall B
Principled Methods for Behavior-Based Control and
Learning Applied to Robot Teams and Humanoids
Maja J Mataric'
University of Southern California
http://robotics.stanford.edu/ba-colloquium/
Abstract below
4:15pm EE380: Computer Systems Laboratory Colloquium
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
The Personal PC
Hardware has less inertia than software
Vaughan Pratt
Stanford University and TIQIT Computers Inc
http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee380/contents.html
Abstract below
4:15pm Biomedical Computation: Challenges and Opportunities
Bldg. 300:300W (near Memorial Church)
Simulation of Fundamental Surgical Maneuvers
Leroy Heinrichs and Kevin Montgomery,
http://calendus.stanford.edu/bioeng/
Contact: Scott Delp (delp@leland.stanford.edu)
(I'm not sure this is open to the general public, check)
THURSDAY, 25 MAY 2000
11:00am CCRMA Hearing Seminar
CCRMA Ballroom, The Knoll
Musical Structure Through Self-Similarity
Jonathan Foote
FX Palo Alto Laboratory
http://www-ccrma.stanford.edu/CCRMA/Events/Events.html
12:00pm CSLI CogLunch
Cordura Hall, Room 100
Saying and Meaning: A look back at the Gricean Program
Robert Stalnaker
MIT
http://www-csli.stanford.edu/events/Coglunch/
Abstract below
12:15pm Graphics Lunches
CIS Auditorium, X-101 (across from Gates)
An Autostereoscopic Display
Ken Perlin
Stanford University (visiting from NYU)
http://www-graphics.stanford.edu/glunches/
Abstract below
2:45pm CS348C: Computer Animation Techniques
Gates B12
Dynamics and Neuro-control of human and animal movement
Scott Delp
Stanford Biomechanics Division
3:30pm Philosophy talk
Math 380:380D
What is it like to be a zombie?
Robert Stalnaker
MIT
http://www-philosophy.stanford.edu/ce.html
Abstract below
3:15pm Stanford Learning Lab
SLL Building (used to be known as Bambi), Library/Conference
Collective Creativity through Amplifying
Representational Talkback: the Use of Representations
as Indices of Thoughts
Kumiyo Nakakoji
Cognitive Science Lab
Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
http://sll.stanford.edu/
Abstract below
4:00pm Xerox PARC Forum
George Pake Auditorium at Xerox PARC
"We Like Big 'bots!": The Story of G-Force 2000
The Gunn High School Robotics Team
http://www.parc.xerox.com/ops/projects/forum/
Abstract below
4:15pm Logic Seminar
Room to be announced
Ordinal notations and well-orderings in bounded arithmetic
Arnold Beckmann
Univ. of Muenster, visiting UCSD
http://www-logic.stanford.edu/seminars.html
Abstract below
4:15pm SRI AI Seminar Series
EJ228, SRI International
Emotional Responses to Interactive Media: What Makes
Responses Strong and Why Does It Matter?
Byron Reeves, Stanford University
http://www.ai.sri.com/ai-seminars/
Abstract below
7:30pm Stanford Phonology Workshop
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:126
Non-Native Acquisition of Coarticulation
Eunjin Oh
Stanford
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/pinterest/
Abstract below
FRIDAY, 26 MAY 2000
all day Ninth Annual CSLI Workshop on Logic, Language, and Computation
Cordura 100
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/llc/
Information below
12:30pm CS547: Human-Computer Interaction Seminar
Gates B03
Frontiers in Attentive Environments:
An overview of IBM Almaden Research Center's BlueEyes project
Myron Flickner
IBM Almaden Research
http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/cs547/
Abstract below
3:15pm Infolab Seminar
201 tcSEQ (across from Gates)
Preliminary Topic: Mediators
Robin A. McEntire
SmithKline Beecham
http://www-db.stanford.edu/dbseminar/dbseminar.html
3:30pm Philosophy and Linguistics Joint Colloquium
Bldg. 420:041
Counterfactuals and the Explanation of Rational Action
Robert Stalnaker
MIT
http://www-philosophy.stanford.edu/ce.html
Abstract below
SATURDAY, 27 MAY 2000
all day Ninth Annual CSLI Workshop on Logic, Language, and Computation
Cordura 100
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/llc/
Information below
SUNDAY, 28 MAY 2000
all day Ninth Annual CSLI Workshop on Logic, Language, and Computation
Cordura 100
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/llc/
Information below
TUESDAY, 30 MAY 2000
4:15pm Computer Musings by Don Knuth
Gates B01
The Joy of Asymptotics
Don Knuth
http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~knuth/musings.html
WEDNESDAY, 31 MAY 2000
12:45pm CS548: Distributed Systems Research Seminar
McCullough 150
The Post-PC Era:
It's About the Services-Enabled New Internet
Randy Katz
UC Berkeley
http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs548/
Abstract below
4:15pm EE380: Computer Systems Laboratory Colloquium
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
Reverse Engineering the Brain
Lloyd Watts, Ph.D.
Interval Research Corporation
http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee380/contents.html
Abstract below
4:15pm Broad Area Colloquium in AI,
Geometry, Graphics, Robotics, and Vision
TCseq201, Lecture Hall B
Seth Teller
MIT
http://robotics.stanford.edu/ba-colloquium/
4:15pm Biomedical Computation: Challenges and Opportunities
Bldg. 300:300W (near Memorial Church)
Simulation-based Learning in Surgery and Anatomy
Tom Krummel and Parvati Dev,
http://calendus.stanford.edu/bioeng/
Contact: Scott Delp (delp@leland.stanford.edu)
(I'm not sure this is open to the general public, check)
THURSDAY, 1 JUNE 2000
12:00pm CSLI CogLunch
Cordura Hall, Room 100
Intellectual Property and Stanford Policies
Luis Mejia
Office of Technology and Licensing
http://www-csli.stanford.edu/events/Coglunch/
(not an official CogLunch, CSLI researchers are
strongly encouraged to attend)
____________
CS548: DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS RESEARCH SEMINAR
on Wednesday, 24 May 2000, 12:45pm
McCullough 150
http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs548/
E-speak: the Technology for Ubiquitous E-services
Alan H. Karp
Open Services Operation, Hewlett-Packard
Today, setting up a service to be used over the Internet is difficult,
special-case work. Part of the difficulty is that each provider of
such a service addresses a common set of problems in a proprietary
way. E-speak solves the problems of naming, describing, managing, and
controlling access in a manner that makes it easier and safer to allow
remote access. With e-speak, we can think of all applications as
e-services that we can enlist to solve our problems.
E-speak is the open-source software platform for creating, composing,
mediating, managing, and accessing Internet-based e-services. With
e-speak we can more easily build a world of universal e-services that
can be accessed intuitively using a wide array of devices and
platforms, from personal digital assistants, to PCs, information
appliances, and supercomputers. With e-speak these e-services can
interact with each other in order to advertise capabilities, discover
other e-services, and ally with each other to offer new functionality,
even negotiate to broker, bill, manage, and monitor each other - all
in a dynamic, ad hoc, yet secure manner.
This talk will describe the requirements that led to the various
features of the e-speak architecture as well as its key abstractions
and innovations.
Biography: Alan Karp is a Department Scientist in the Decision
Technology Department at HP Labs where he is conducting research in
economic models for Internet economies. Before that, he was Senior
Technical Contributor and Chief Scientist at Hewlett-Packard's E-speak
Operation, the group responsible for bringing HP's e-speak technology
to market. He has studied problems of radiative transfer in moving
stellar matter and in planetary atmospheres, hydrodynamics problems in
pulsating stars and in enhanced oil recovery, and numerical methods
for parallel processors. He has worked on the interface between
programmers and parallel processors with special attention to
debugging parallel programs and was one of the developers of the IBM
Parallel Fortran language. He has developed programs to do
multidimensional Fast Fourier Transforms on vector and parallel
computers. He was one of the architects of the HP/Intel iA64
processor.
Dr. Karp received his Ph. D. in Astronomy from the University of
Maryland in 1974, spent two years in the General Sciences Department
at IBM Research, and one year as an assistant professor of physics at
Dartmouth College before joining IBM's Palo Alto Scientific Center. He
moved to Hewlett-Packard Laboratories in 1992. In 1999 he joined HP's
newly formed E-speak Operation to productize the technology he helped
develop at HP Labs, returning to HP Labs in 2000. He has served on the
editorial boards of the Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and
Radiative Transfer, the Journal of Transport Theory and Statistical
Physics, and the editorial advisory board of the journal Scientific
Programming. He is a member of the American Astronomical Society, the
International Astronomical Union, the Institute for Electric and
Electronic Engineering, and the Association for Computing
Machinery. Dr. Karp chaired the committee judging the entries for the
Gordon Bell Prize for parallel processing for its first 10 years.
____________
BROAD AREA COLLOQUIUM FOR
AI-GEOMETRY-GRAPHICS-ROBOTICS-VISION
on Wednesday, 24 May 2000, 4:00pm
TCseq201 (across from Gates)
http://robotics.stanford.edu/ba-colloquium/
Principled Methods for Behavior-Based Control and
Learning Applied to Robot Teams and Humanoids
Maja J Mataric'
University of Southern California
Behavior-based control, which exploits the dynamics of collections of
concurrent, interacting processes coupled to the external world, is
both biologically relevant and effective for control problems
featuring local information, uncertainty, and non-stationarity. In
this talk we describe methods we have developed for principled
behavior-based control and learning in two problem domains:
multi-robot coordination and humanoid imitation.
In the multi-robot domain the key challenges involve reconciling
individual and group-level goals and achieving scalable, on-line
real-time learning. How to do all of this in a distributed
behavior-based way in a timely and consistent fashion? We describe
methods for Pareto-optimal behavior selection for principled group
coordination, publish/subscribe messaging for distributed
communication, and augmented Markov models for on-line real-time model
building for group adaptation. The results are demonstrated on groups
of locally-controlled but globally efficient mobile robots performing
distributed collection, multiple-target-tracking, and object
manipulation. In the second part of the talk we describe the
application of behavior-based control in the form of basis behaviors
or primitives to the problem of humanoid control. Here, the challenges
include the high dimensionality of the system and the need for tight
coupling between the perceptual and motor systems. We describe an
imitation model that employs direct sensory-motor mappings within the
behavior-based framework to segment and map the observed movement onto
the existing motor system. The same biologically motivated method
facilitates recognition, classification, prediction, and learning. The
results are demonstrated on a 20 degree-of-freedom dynamic humanoid
imitating dance and sports movements from visual data of human
demonstrations.
Biography: Maja Mataric is an assistant professor in the Computer
Science Department and the Neuroscience Program at the University of
Southern California, Director of the USC Robotics Research Labs and
Associate Director of the Institute for Robotics and Intelligent
Systems. She received her PhD and MS degrees in Computer Science and
AI from MIT in 1994, and 1990, respectively. She is a recipient of the
NSF Career Award, the MIT TR100 Innovation Award, the IEEE Robotics
and Automation Society Early Career Award, and is featured in the
upcoming movie about scientists, "Me & Isaac Newton". In her
collaborations, she has interacted with a variety of human and robotic
colleagues (ranging from LEGO robots to humanoids) at NASA's Jet
Propulsion Lab, the Free University of Brussels AI Lab, LEGO Cambridge
Research Labs, GTE Research Labs, the Swedish Institute of Computer
Science, and ATR Human Information Processing Labs in Japan. Her
Interaction Lab at USC performs research in the areas of control and
learning in behavior-based multi-robot systems and humanoids.
____________
EE380: COMPUTER SYSTEMS COLLOQUIUM
on Wednesday, 24 May 2000, 4:15pm to 5:30pm
NEC Auditorium (B03), Gates Computer Science Building
http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee380/contents.html
The Matchbox PC
Hardware has less inertia than software
Vaughan Pratt
Stanford University and TIQIT Computers Inc
The success of the Stanford Wearable Computing Laboratory's 3/4 oz
Matchbox Webserver in January of last year encouraged us to build a 3
oz. PC complete with ethernet, VGA capability, and 340 MB Microdrive
capable of running popular x86 operating systems such as Linux and
Windows 9x. We exhibited it at CeBIT the following March, and have
since spun off a startup to take it to market and to develop and
deploy its successors. This talk will cover some of the background of
wearable computing, delve into the design philosophy underlying the
Matchbox PC, discuss its design details, and briefly mention some of
our user interface work in support of small PCs.
Biography: Vaughan Pratt is Professor of Computer Science at Stanford
University. His master's thesis from Sydney University under J. Hext
was on Translation of Lewis Carroll's Syllogisms into Logical
Expressions, and his Ph.D. thesis at Stanford University under
D. Knuth was on Shellsort and Sorting Networks. He taught at MIT from
1972 to 1980, working in natural language, algorithms, complexity
theory, and logics of programs. In 1980 he joined Stanford's Sun
workstation project, subsequently managing it until the formation of
Sun Microsystems in 1982, for whom he designed the Sun logo and the
Pixrect framebuffer abstraction and conducted research in computer
graphics. He is currently on leave from Stanford and serving as CEO of
TIQIT Computers, Inc., a two-month-old startup formed to produce TIny
computers for ubiQuITous computing.
____________
CCRMA HEARING SEMINAR
on Thursday, 25 May 2000, 11:00am
CCRMA Ballroom, The Knoll
http://www-ccrma.stanford.edu/CCRMA/Events/Events.html
Musical Structure Through Self-Similarity
Jonathan Foote
mailto:foote@pal.xerox.com
FX Palo Alto Laboratory
I will present recent work on analyzing the structure of music and
audio via self-similarity. This approach uses the signal to model
itself, and thus does not rely on particular spectral or energetic
features, nor does it require training. Besides providing an
interesting visualization of musical structure, this method can be
used to derive a measure of audio novelty. Peaks in the novelty
measurement indicate natural segment boundaries such as notes,
verse/chorus, speech/music, or channel change transitions. A related
analysis of self-similarity yields the "beat spectrum," a new method
of automatically characterizing the rhythm and tempo of musical
recordings. The beat spectrum is a measure of acoustic self-similarity
as a function of time lag. Most music has sufficient rhythmic
structure and/or repetition to yield strong beat spectral peaks at the
repetition times. I will present several musical examples together
with their visualizations, novelty measures, and beat-spectral
analyses, and discuss some neat applications.
____________
CSLI COGLUNCH
on Thursday, 25 May 2000, 12:00pm
Cordura 100
http://www-csli.stanford.edu/events/Coglunch/
Saying and Meaning: A look back at the Gricean Program
Robert Stalnaker
MIT
Paul Grices project of analyzing speaker meaning (initiated in his
paper Meaning, published in 1957) and his theory of conversation
(developed in his William James lectures at Harvard in 1967) have had,
and continue to have, a major influence on the development of both
linguistic semantics and pragmatics and the philosophy of
language. The analysis of speaker meaning generated a cottage industry
of counterexample and patch that flourished for ten years or so. It
then faded away, as such industries tend to do, but the root idea of
Grices analysis still affects the way we think about what people
mean. The theory of conversation helped to shape the development of
semantic and pragmatic theory and provided some conceptual tools that
have become standard resources of philosophical analysis and
argument. In this informal talk, I plan to look back at the central
aims of and motivations for the Gricean project, as I understand them,
and at some of the problems the project encountered - to see how they
look in light of what has happened since.. I will consider what
problem the analysis of meaning was trying to solve, and how that
problem relates to the theory of conversation.
The patterns of reasoning brought to light by Grices discussions of
meaning and conversation are, as many people have noted, a kind of
strategic reasoning - reasoning in which agents interact, basing their
decisions about what to do in part on expectations about the rational
actions of others. So Grices enterprise points naturally to game
theory - the theory designed to provide abstract models of strategic
interaction. I will look at some simple games in which moves are
naturally interpreted, intuitively, as acts of meaning something, and
consider whether the facts about what is meant in such acts can be
explained in terms of assumptions about the beliefs and intentions of
the agents. I want to suggest that some of the problems Grice
encountered in developing the details of his analysis of meaning are
reflected in problems in explaining, in the game-theoretic context,
what it is for an action to be an act of meaning, or expressing,
something.
____________
GRAPHICS LUNCHES
on Thursday, 25 May 2000, 12:15pm
CIS Auditorium, X-101 (across from Gates)
http://www-graphics.stanford.edu/glunches/
An Autostereoscopic Display
Ken Perlin
Stanford University (visiting from NYU)
We present a display device which solves a long-standing problem: to
give a true stereoscopic view of simulated objects, without artifacts,
to a single unencumbered observer, while allowing the observer to
freely change position and rotate his/her head.
Based on a novel combination of temporal and spatial multiplexing,
this technique will enable artifact-free stereo to become a standard
feature of display screens, without requiring the use of special
eyewear. The availability of this technology may significantly impact
CAD and CHI applications, as well as entertainment graphics. The
underlying algorithms and
Biography: Ken Perlin is an Associate Professor in the Department of
Computer Science and the director of the Media Research Laboratory at
the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York
University. He is also the director of the NYU Center of Advanced
Technology, sponsored by the New York State Science and Technology
Foundation.
He completed his Ph.D. in 1986 from the New York University Department
of Computer Science. His dissertation received the Janet Fabri award
for outstanding Doctoral Dissertation. He received his B.A. in
theoretical mathematics at Harvard University in 1979. His research
interests include graphics, animation, and multimedia. In 1991 he was
a recipient of a Presidential Young Investigator Award from the
National Science Foundation. In 1997 he was a recipient of a Technical
Achievement Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
for his noise and turbulence procedural texturing techniques, which
are widely used in feature films and television.
Dr. Perlin was Head of Software Development at R/GREENBERG Associates
in New York, NY from 1984 through 1987. Prior to that, from 1979 to
1984, he was the System Architect for computer generated animation at
Mathematical Applications Group, Inc., Elmsford, NY. TRON was the
first movie for which his name got onto the credits. He has served on
the Board of Directors of the New York chapter of ACM/SIGGRAPH, has
been a member of ACM and ACM SIGGRAPH, and has been a senior reviewer
for a number of technical conferences.
____________
PHILOSOPHY TALK
on Thursday, 25 March 2000, 3:30pm
Building 380, room 380D
http://www-philosophy.stanford.edu/ce.html
What is it Like to be a Zombie?
Richard Stalnaker
MIT
A zombie is a creature that is physically and functionally exactly
like an ordinary human being, but that has no phenomenal
consciousness. It is controversial whether the idea of a zombie is a
coherent idea, and whether zombies are metaphysically possible. My aim
in this talk is to get clearer about the question whether zombies are
possible: what kind of question it is, how it is to be answered, and
what hangs on the answer. I will begin by considering three fictional
philosophers - a dualist, an eliminative materialist, and an
analytical functionalist - who have contrasting views about zombies in
order to get clearer about what the dispute is, and what kind of
reasons might be relevant to resolving it. In the end, I will argue
that whether zombies are metaphysically possible may be a factual
question, and that even if one grants that zombies are conceivable,
one cannot argue, without begging the question, from the
conceivability of zombies to the falsity of materialism.
____________
STANFORD LEARNING LAB
on Thursday, 25 May 2000, 3:15pm
SLL Building (used to be known as Bambi), Library/Conference
http://sll.stanford.edu/
Collective Creativity through Amplifying Representational Talkback:
the Use of Representations as Indices of Thoughts
Kumiyo Nakakoji
Cognitive Science Lab
Graduate School of Information Science
Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan
mailto:kumiyo@is.aist-nara.ac.jp
Collective creativity is a term coined to describe the phenomenon
where concepts and understanding emerge in people's mind through
interacting with knowledge in the world --- with external
representations, with other people, or with computer systems. We have
been interested in designing computational tools that support
collective creativity in early stages of a design task, such as
writing, programming, or decision making. We argue that such tools
must provide representations that easily "talk back" to the user
serving as indicies of thoughts rather than as externalizations of
them. In this talk, I first discuss a framework of our approach, and
present demonstrations of some of our prototyped systems to
illustrate the framework.
Biography: Kumiyo Nakakoji, a research fellow at PRESTO, JST, Japan,
is an Adjunct Associate Professor for the Cognitive Science Laboratory
at Nara Institute of Science and Technology. Her research has been
around the topic of Collective Creativity, which involves
considerations of culture, communication and creativity in
representations, systems and design. She has worked for Software
Research Associates, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) for the last twelve years as
a senior researcher at the Software Engineering Laboratory. She
received her BS from Osaka University (1986), and MS (1990) and PhD
(1993) in Computer Science from University of Colorado at Boulder.
____________
XEROX PARC FORUM
on Thursday, 25 May 2000, 4:00pm - 5:00pm
George Pake Auditorium, Xerox
http://www.parc.xerox.com/ops/projects/forum/
"We Like Big 'bots!": The Story of G-Force 2000
by the Gunn High School Robotics Team
This is not your father's science fair!
Each year fifty students from Gunn High School in Palo Alto shave
their heads, say good-bye to their families, and hunker down to build
a machine too cool to be recognizable as a high school project. The
students have only six weeks to define their objectives, design their
robot, and build it. The results are mind-boggling, and the students
learn lessons that will stick with them forever.
The Gunn Robotics Team works year-round to form partnerships with
local companies, learn about engineering, and mentor younger students
in the community. Come see these dedicated students demonstrate their
success and discuss lessons learned. This is a great opportunity not
only to view a really cool project, but also to see an educational
program that has been phenomenally successful.
____________
LOGIC SEMINAR
on Thursday, 25 May 2000, 4:15pm
Room to be announced
http://www-logic.stanford.edu/seminars.html
Ordinal notations and well-orderings in bounded arithmetic
Arnold Beckmann
Univ. of Muenster, visiting UCSD
In this talk we will briefly review what is known about the
relationship of ordinal notations to bounded arithmetic. We will
discuss in detail new results concerning provability of
well-foundedness of total orderings on bounded (i.e. finite) domains
in bounded arithmetic. The main results are that the orderings of
ordinal notations for $\epsilon_0$ and $\Gamma_0$, if restricted to a
finite domain, can be proved well-founded in the second level $S^2_2$
of the bounded arithmetic hierarchy, while the first level $S^1_2$
cannot do this, unless something bad happens like P=NP.
____________
SRI AI SEMINAR SERIES
on Thursday, 25 May 2000, 4:15pm - 5:15pm
EJ228, SRI International
http://www.ai.sri.com/ai-seminars/
Emotional Responses to Interactive Media:
What Makes Responses Strong and Why Does It Matter?
Byron Reeves
Stanford University
Interactive media create new opportunities for technology to manifest
intelligence. Our lab at Stanford has been studying the extent to
which technology can have social intelligence and whether social
features of interactions affect how people use and evaluate media
experiences. One important social feature of technology is the
ability to generate emotional responses in users that affect
psychological arousal. Arousal responses are important determinants
of attention to media, memory for information, and evaluation of media
experiences. This presentation will review the basic research about
arousal responses to old and new media, and present results of new
experiments that show how different media content and forms of
interaction can affect physiological arousal.
Biography: Byron Reeves is the Paul C. Edwards Professor of
Communication and Director of the Institute for Communication Research
at Stanford University, with an appointment in Symbolic Systems. His
research is about the psychological processing of media in the areas
of attention, emotions, learning, and physiological responses. He is
co-author (with Clifford Nass) of The Media Equation: How People Treat
Computers, Television, and New Media Like Real People and Places (New
York: Cambridge University Press). His research has been the basis
for a range of products, including software agents, telephone systems,
entertainment systems, and test instrumentation. His academic
background is in graphic design and music (B.F.A., Southern Methodist
University), and communication and psychology (Ph.D., Michigan State
University).
NOTE FOR VISITORS TO SRI: Please arrive at least 10 minutes early in
order to sign in and be shown to the conference room. SRI is located
at 333 Ravenswood Avenue in Menlo Park. Visitors may park in the
visitors lot in front of Building A or E, and should sign in at the
lobby of Building E and ,call 2592 (or 4904) to be escorted to the
meeting room. Directions to SRI, as well as maps,are available online
through the WWW at URL http://www.ai.sri.com/aic/AICDirections.html .
____________
STANFORD PHONOLOGY WORKSHOP
on Thursday, 25 May 2000, 7:30pm
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:126
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/pinterest/
Non-Native Acquisition of Coarticulation
Eunjin Oh
Stanford University
Traditional generative phonology postulates that the phonetic
realization of phonological representation is universal and
non-grammatical. Coarticulation and other properties of phonetic
implementation are assumed to follow from universal principles of
speech physiology. However, it has been shown that degrees of
coarticulation are language-specific (e.g., Ohman (1966), Manuel and
Krakow (1984), Manuel (1990)), and some evidence has been provided
that coarticulation is constrained by the phonological system of a
given language.
The basic question of this study is if, once a language learner
acquires the phonological system of a language, the acquisition of
coarticulation follows from the phonological system as an a priori
property. A series of cross-linguistic production experiments has been
conducted, including (i) the case of consonantal influences on
adjacent vowels (i.e. the acquisition of non-native back vowel [u] in
the context of coronal stops by English speakers of French, and
Chinese, French, and German speakers of English), (ii) the case of
dynamic properties of coarticulation (i.e. the acquisition of
language-specific types of the formant transitions in non-native
syllable [du] by English speakers of French, and French and German
speakers of English), and (iii) the case of vocalic influences on
adjacent consonants (i.e. the acquisition of non-native locus
equations of three stop places by English speakers of Russian and
Russian speakers of English).
The findings indicate that the acquisition of phonological structures
and the acquisition of the proper degree of coarticulation are
dissociated, i.e., the latter is independently learned. Evidence will
be shown of dissociation between target and coarticulation
acquisition, dissociation between contextual consonant and contextual
vowel acquisition, and dissociation between dynamics and non-dynamics
acquisition. It is suggested that, like the acquisition of
phonological contrasts (e.g. works done by C. Best, J. Flege), the
acquisition of phonetic coarticulation depends on factors such as: (I)
Perceptual saliency: Perceptually more salient non-native
coarticulation tends to be acquired earlier than less salient
one. (II) Avoidance of confusion: Non-native coarticulation tends to
be acquired earlier when it makes possible to avoid confusion with
other non-native sounds. (III) Degree of dissimilarity of a non-native
syllable to the closest native syllable: The more dissimilar a
non-native syllable is to the closest native syllable, the earlier it
tends to be acquired. (IV) Extent of linguistic experience: There is a
positive correlation of the learner's linguistic experience with the
acquisition of coarticulation. (V) Task conditions: The acquisition of
coarticulation is better in speaking tasks designed to encourage the
learners to concentrate mainly on phonetic signals.
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NINTH ANNUAL CSLI WORKSHOP ON
LOGIC, LANGUAGE & COMPUTATION
May 26-28, 2000
Cordura 100
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/llc/
For each of the last eight years, CSLI has hosted a workshop on Logic,
Language and Computation. The program has involved a lively mix of
topics concerning the sources and flow of information in the various
disciplines that CSLI was designed to bring together. This year is no
exception. A whole day of the workshop is devoted to the interface of
Games and Logic, and the remaining sessions emphasize the nature and
logical formalization of inference in the foundations of mathematics,
the theory of computation, and computational linguistics.
As has become a tradition by now, the program includes contributions
by both established researchers and newcomers to the field. The
workshop is open to all.
See web page for more information.
____________
SEMINAR ON PEOPLE, COMPUTER, AND DESIGN
on Friday, 26 May 2000, 12:30-2:00pm
Gates B03 (NEC Classroom)
http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/cs547/
Frontiers in Attentive Environments:
An overview of IBM Almaden Research Center's BlueEyes project
Myron Flickner
IBM Almaden Research Center
mailto:flick@almaden.ibm.com
IBM's BlueEyes research project is chartered to explore and define
attentive environments - environments that are user and context
aware. As computers become invisible, pervasive, and
location/context aware, a user interface paradigm shift from
explicit user control to implicit user control will occur. As
evidence of this shift, live (A/V gods willing) demonstrations of
MAGIC pointing, our SUITOR ( Simple User Interest Tracker) system,
the Emotion mouse, and Pong our attentive robot will be shown .
Biography: Myron Flickner is the manager of the attentive environment
project at the IBM Almaden Research Center. Myron joined IBM research
San Jose in 1982, working on automated inspection of thin film disk
heads. During 1987-1988 he researched image processing languages at
IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center. He returned to the Machine
Vision Group at the IBM Almaden Research Center, working on content
base image retrieval and multimedia information systems. His current
research interests include attentive environments - environments that
are user and context aware, enhancing human computer interaction using
cameras, image and shape representation, and content based image/video
retrieval. Myron Flickner received a B.S.(1980) and a M.S.(1982) in
Electrical Engineering from Kansas State University.
____________
PHILOSOPHY AND LINGUISTICS JOINT COLLOQUIUM
on Friday, 26 May 2000, 3:30pm
Jordan Hall, Room 420:041
http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/colloq/colloq.html
Counterfactuals and the Explanation of Rational Action
Robert Stalnaker
MIT
Game theory and the theory of epistemic models for games provide a
useful framework for clarifying a number of concepts with which we
describe, explain and assess rational action and interaction: the way
we deliberate and plan, the way our knowledge and beliefs change in
the course of a sequence of actions by different rational
agents. Counterfactual reasoning plays a central role in such
situations, and my focus in this talk will be on the representation,
in formal models of games, of counterfactual propositions. I think
that the application of formal semantic analyses of conditionals to
game models can throw some light both on complex deliberative
reasoning, and on the general problem of interpreting counterfactual
conditionals.
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CS548: DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS RESEARCH SEMINAR
on Wednesday, 31 May 2000, 12:45pm
McCullough 150
http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs548/
The Post-PC Era: It's About the Services-Enabled New Internet
Randy Katz
UC Berkeley
The Post-PC Era is often viewed as driven by the proliferation of new
kinds of information appliances. We take a different viewpoint: the
Post-PC Era will be shaped by the ability to manage computation and
storage deep inside the network, connected by application-specific
overlay networks, all on behalf of end user applications. This is what
we call "services." Examples include web caches, content delivery
redistribution, and transformational proxies. The result is a dramatic
shift from traditional network research, on topics such as Quality of
Service routing, to new distributed computing opportunities, such as
network performance-aware service placement.
Biography: Randy Howard Katz received his undergraduate degree from
Cornell University, and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University
of California, Berkeley. He joined the faculty at Berkeley in 1983,
where he is now the United Microelectronics Corporation Distinguished
Professor in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. He is a
Fellow of the ACM and the IEEE, and was recently elected to the
National Academy of Engineering. He was won numerous awards, including
seven best paper awards, one "test of time" paper award, three best
presentation awards, the Distinguished Teaching Award of the Berkeley
Academic Senate, the ASEE Frederic Terman Award, and the ACM Karl V.
Karlstrom Outstanding Educator Award. With colleagues at Berkeley, he
developed Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID), an $18 billion
per year industry sector today. While on leave for government service
in 1993-1994, he established whitehouse.gov and connecting the White
House to the Internet. His current research interests are Internet
Services Architecture, Mobile Computing, and Computer-Telephony
Integration.
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EE380: COMPUTER SYSTEMS COLLOQUIUM
on Wednesday, 31 May 2000, 4:15pm to 5:30pm
NEC Auditorium (B03), Gates Computer Science Building
http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee380/contents.html
Reverse Engineering the Brain
Lloyd Watts, Ph.D.
Interval Research Corporation
By 2010, computers will have memory and processing capacity comparable
to lower mammals. This means that real-time stereo vision, hearing,
locomotion, etc. in real-world environments will be possible,
computationally. But will we have the algorithms to do the
computations as robustly and effectively as animals and humans do?
I am working on literally reverse-engineering the brain, beginning
with the auditory pathway. I will show real-time demonstrations
(movies) of the various representations of speech and music that are
computed in the cochlea, cochlear nucleus, superior olive, and
inferior colliculus, synchronized with the input sounds. I will also
demonstrate the world's first real-time high-resolution 240-tap,
10-octave, 44 kHz-sampling cochlear model, implemented on a multi-FPGA
board in a PC. I will also demonstrate work by an Interval colleague,
Dr. John Woodfill, of real-time high-resolution stereo vision.
Biography: Lloyd Watts holds a B.Sc. in Engineering Physics from
Queen's University, an M.Sc in Electrical Engineering from Simon
Fraser University, and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from the
California Institute of Technology, where he studied with professor
Carver Mead. He has worked at Microtel Pacific Research in Burnaby,
B.C., Synaptics in San Jose, Arithmos in Santa Clara, and currently is
employed at Interval Research Corporation in Palo Alto. His research
has concentrated on understanding the computations of the human
auditory pathway, and implementing and visualizing those computations
in real-time in the least expensive medium he can find that will get
the job done. For more information, see his website.
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END MATERIAL
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____________