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CSLI Calendar, 22 April 1998, vol. 13:30
C S L I C A L E N D A R O F P U B L I C E V E N T S
______________________________________________________________________
22 April 1998 Stanford Vol. 13, No. 30
______________________________________________________________________
A weekly publication of the
Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI)
Stanford University, Ventura Hall, Stanford, CA 94305-4115
____________
ACTIVITIES DURING 22 APRIL TO 1 MAY 1998
WEDNESDAY, 22 APRIL
3:15pm History of Science Colloquium
Landau Bldg., room 140
Forged Consensus: Science, Technology, and Economic
Policy in the United States, 1921-1953
David M. Hart
John F. Kennedy School of Government
Harvard University
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/
4:15pm EE380: Computer Systems Laboratory Colloquium
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
Towards Practical Verification for Microprocessors
David Dill
Stanford
Abstract below
THURSDAY, 23 APRIL
all day CSLI Mini-symposium
Practical Acquisition of Large-Scale Lexical Information
Ventura 17
Information below
12 noon CSLI CogLunch
Cordura Hall, Room 100
Automatic Detection of Hidden Events in Spontaneous
Speech
Elizabeth Shriberg
SRI International
Abstract below
4:00pm Xerox PARC Forum
George Pake Auditorium, Xerox PARC
Visualization of Topological Structures in Quantum
Mechanics and Molecular Physics - Some Deep Connections
Creon Levit
NASA Ames Research Center
http://www.parc.xerox.com/ops/projects/forum
4:00pm SRI AI Seminar
EK 109: Computer Dialogue Lab Demo Room (SRI)
The AMPHION Deductive Synthesis Project at NASA Ames
Research Center
Jeffrey Van Baalen & Michael Lowry
NASA Ames Research Center
Abstract below
4:00pm Berkeley Phonology Laboratory Colloquium
46 Dwinelle Hall
The Development of Lexical Representation: Evidence from
Young Children's Slips of the Tongue
Jeri J. Jaeger
Associate Professor
Department of Linguistics
State University of New York, Buffalo
http://trill.berkeley.edu/
4:15pm AI-Vision-Robotics Division Colloquium
Gates 104
From Where AI Is Now to Human-Level AI
John McCarthy
Stanford
Abstract below
4:15pm CS548: Distributed Systems Research Seminar
Gates B01
Low Latency Media Delivery in a Consumer Internet Service
Mike Schwartz
@Home Network
http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs548/
4:30pm History of Science Colloquium
History corner, room 307
Ontogeny, Phylogeny and Conceptual Development
Stephen Downes
Philosophy, University of Utah
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/
FRIDAY, 24 APRIL
12 noon Logic Lunch
Room 380:383N
A Fictionalist Account of the Indispensable Applications
of Mathematics
Mark Balaguer, Cal State, L.A.
Abstract below
12:30pm Seminar on People, Computers, and Design
Gates B03 (NEC classroom)
Distance Matters:
Intellectual Work Among Geographically Separated Group
Members
Gary and Judith Olson
University of Michigan
Abstract below
2:00pm International Computer Science Institute
Main Lecture Hall at ICSI, 1947 Center Street, Berkeley
MPEG7: Current State and First Possible Applications
Arnd Steinmetz and Frank Nack
GMD-IPSI, Mobile Interactive Media, Darmstadt
http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/talks/
3:15pm Philosophy Department Colloquium
Bldg. 90:92Q (Philosophy)
A Theory of Mathematical Correctness and Mathematical
Truth
Mark Balaguer
California State Los Angeles
3:15pm Cognitive Seminar
Jordan Hall 420:100
Jeff Zacks
Dr. Rose Zacks
Michigan State
3:15pm Computer Science Database Seminar
Gates B-12
Abstractions for Advanced GUI Programming
Moshe Zloof
Hewlett-Packard
Abstract below
SATURDAY, 25 APRIL
all day Trilateral Phonology Weekend
1229 Dwinelle Hall, University of California, Berkeley
Information below
MONDAY, 27 APRIL
12 noon Berkeley Phonology Laboratory Colloquium
46 Dwinelle Hall
Bird Song Synthesis and Physiology
Chris Fry
Department of Cognitive Science, UCSD
Abstract below
2:00pm International Computer Science Institute
Main Lecture Hall at ICSI, 1947 Center Street, Berkeley
Using Waveform Information Vectors (WIVS) in Multi-level
Speech Perception
John K. Bates
Time/Space Systems
http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/talks/
3:30pm Psychology Social Lab
Jordan Hall 420:100
Understanding And Learning Concepts Considered As Social
Activity
James G. Greeno
3:30pm International Computer Science Institute
Main Lecture Hall at ICSI, 1947 Center Street, Berkeley
Structured Documents and their Manipulation in Database
Systems
Karl Aberer
GMD-IPSI, Darmstadt, Germany
Abstract below
4:10pm Berkeley Linguistics Colloquium
210 Wheeler Hall (Berkeley)
Almerindo Ojeda
UC Davis
http://www.linguistics.berkeley.edu/Colloquia/
4:30pm Stanford Digital Libraries Seminar
Gates B08
Safeguarding Digital Library Contents and Users
Protecting Documents Rather than Channels
Ulrich Kohl and Jeffrey B. Lotspiech
IBM Almaden
Abstract below
WEDNESDAY, 29 APRIL
4:15pm EE380: Computer Systems Laboratory Colloquium
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
SuperComputers from CyberBricks?
Jim Gray
Microsoft Research
Abstract below
THURSDAY, 30 APRIL
12 noon CSLI CogLunch
Cordura Hall, Room 100
The Perception of Cross-Modal Simultaneity
(or The Greenwich Observatory Problem Revisited)
Daniel Levitin
visiting Stanford, Psychology / Interval Research
2:00pm International Computer Science Institute
Main Lecture Hall at ICSI, 1947 Center Street, Berkeley
Roomware and Cooperative Buildings: Extending the Scope
of Interaction and Cooperation beyond Desktops
Norbert A. Streitz
GMD - German National Research Center for Information
Technology
Darmstadt, Germany
Abstract below
4:00pm Xerox PARC Forum
George Pake Auditorium, Xerox PARC
Delivery, Deployment, and Use of Digital Images:
Lessons from a major University/Museum Consortial Project
Howard Besser
UC Berkeley
http://www.parc.xerox.com/ops/projects/forum
4:15pm AI-Vision-Robotics Division Colloquium
Gates 104
Christos Papadimitriou
U.C.Berkeley
http://www-formal.stanford.edu/aicolloq/
4:15pm Frontiers of Neuroscience Seminars
Munzer Auditorium
Cross-correlation in the auditory system: brain and
behavior
Masakazu Konishi
California Institute of Technology
Host: Dr. Eric Knudsen
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/nbio/Spring98.html
4:15pm CS548: Distributed Systems Research Seminar
Gates B01
(Tentative) Economics of the Push Model
Dale Skeen
Vitria
http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs548/
FRIDAY, 1 MAY
all day History of Science Conference
Materializing Cultures: Science, Technology, and Medicine
in a Global Context
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/
12:30pm Seminar on People, Computers, and Design
Gates B03 (NEC classroom)
Networks of Discourse Economic and Political Themes in
the Emergence of Information Infrastructure
Phil Agre
UC San Diego
Abstract below
3:15pm Cognitive Seminar
Jordan Hall 420:100
Alex Huk
3:15pm Computer Science Database Seminar
Gates B-12
The Architecture Required for Applications on the Web
Adam Bosworth
Microsoft
Abstract below
SATURDAY, 2 MAY
all day History of Science Conference
Materializing Cultures: Science, Technology, and Medicine
in a Global Context
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/
____________
EE380: COMPUTER SYSTEMS COLLOQUIUM
on Wednesday, 22 April 1998, 4:15pm to 5:30pm
NEC Auditorium (B03), Gates Computer Science Building
http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee380/
Towards Practical Formal Verification of Microprocessors
David L. Dill
Stanford University
Full formal verification of a commercial microprocessor design could
be considered a "grand challenge" problem for formal verification
researchers. However, many of the grand challenges that have been
proposed (such as weather prediction) don't double in complexity every
couple of years!
In this talk, I will reveal what our research group has learned about
formally verifying microprocessor designs. Where do current approaches
fall short? What special characteristics of the designs can we
exploit? What new methods might help? And, what are the prospects for
this work producing a useful result?
About the speaker: David L. Dill is Associate Professor of Computer
Science and, by courtesy, Electrical Engineering at Stanford
University. He has been on the faculty at Stanford since 1987. He has
an S.B. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1979), and an M.S and
Ph.D. from Carnegie-Mellon University (1982 and 1987).
His primary research interests relate to the theory and application of
formal verification techniques to system designs, including hardware,
protocols, and software.
Prof. Dill's Ph.D. thesis, "Trace Theory for Automatic Hierarchical
Verification of Speed Independent Circuits" was named as a
Distinguished Dissertation by ACM and published as such by M.I.T.
Press in 1988. He was the recipient of an Presidential Young
Investigator award from the National Science Foundation in 1988, and a
Young Investigator award from the Office of Naval Research in 1991. He
has received Best Paper awards at International Conference on Computer
Design in 1991 and the Design Automation Conference in 1993. He was a
visiting professor during the summer of 1996 at Intel in Hillsboro,
Oregon (where he learned how many orders of magnitude short of being
able to verify the Pentium Pro he was). From July 1996 to September
1997 he was Chief Scientist (and one of the founders) of 0-In Design
Automation, a start-up that is developing verification tools that
combine conventional simulation and formal verification technology.
____________
CSLI MINI-SYMPOSIUM
Practical Acquisition of Large-Scale Lexical Information
23 April 1998
Ventura 17
Lexical acquisition is still a bottleneck for the production of broad
coverage Natural Language Processing systems. Presentations in this
mini-symposium will describe research on practical techniques for
acquiring syntactic and semantic information, and also lexical
frequencies. The discussion session will focus on ways in which the
distinct approaches could complement each other and how we might share
resources. Please contact Ann Copestake
(mailto:aac@csli.stanford.edu) if you are interested in attending.
PRELIMINARY SCHEDULE
10:30am - 12:30pm
John Carroll, University of Sussex
Automatic acquisition of subcategorization frames and
selectional preferences from corpora
Susanne Gahl, Berkeley
Validating subcategorization patterns
coffee break
Judith Eckle-Kohler, University of Stuttgart
Lexicon building with corpus-based acquisition for German and English
Ann Copestake, CSLI
Using Levin's verb classes to construct a lexicon semi-automatically
12:30pm - 1:30pm Lunch
1:30pm
Charles Fillmore, Berkeley
Lexicographical relevance
2:15pm
Discussion session
4:30pm end
____________
CSLI COGLUNCH
on Thursday, 23 April 1998, 12 noon
Cordura Hall, Room 100
http://www-csli.stanford.edu/csli/Coglunch/
Automatic Detection of Hidden Events in Spontaneous Dialog
Elizabeth Shriberg
Speech Technology and Research Laboratory
SRI International
http://www-speech.sri.com/projects/hidden-events.html
Current automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems output a string of
words. Most natural language understanding (NLU) systems, however,
require structural and functional information information such as
punctuation that is present in text, but not overtly indicated in
spoken language. Similarly, for spontaneous dialog, NLU systems could
benefit from information on the location and extent of disfluencies,
so that a speaker's intended meaning can be inferred.
We have recently began to address this gap between ASR output and NLU
input in a project aimed at detecting such "hidden" events by purely
automatic means. Our approach extends the standard ASR paradigm by
adding three new knowledge sources: an event language model, and event
grammar, and an event prosodic model. All models are statistical and
trained from data.
We applied the approach to a large subset (over 1M words) of the
Switchboard corpus of human-human telephone conversations, and found
significant improvement over chance for the detection of various
hidden events. The talk will describe overall results, the relative
contribution of features from the various knowledge sources, the
effect of the approach using actual words versus recognizer
hypotheses, and remaining open issues.
Joint work with Andreas Stolcke (SRI), and Mari Ostendorf and Rebecca
Bates (Boston University).
____________
SRI AI SEMINAR SERIES
on Thursday, 23 April 1998, 4:00pm - 5:00pm
EK 109: Computer Dialogue Lab Demo Room (SRI)
The AMPHION Deductive Synthesis Project
at NASA Ames Research Center
Jeffrey Van Baalen and Michael Lowry,
NASA Ames Research Center
AMPHION is a deductive synthesis project in the Automated Software
Engineering (ASE) Group at NASA Ames Research Center. This talk will
describe and demonstrate the Amphion/NAIF system. Amphion/NAIF is a
deductive synthesis application for generating solar system
observation opportunity analyzers. Suppose a space scientist wants to
determine the opportunities for the Cassini spacecraft, while orbiting
Saturn, to transmit an unobstructed signal to the Goldstone
observatory on earth. Before Amphion/NAIF the scientist was required
to write a Fortran program consisting of calls to subroutines in the
SPICE library (developed at JPL). Amphion/NAIF provides the space
scientist with a high-level graphical editor with which desired
observation opportunities can be specified without knowing about the
SPICE library. Amphion/NAIF automatically generates required Fortran
programs from such specifications. The system also includes an
animation component that provides scientifically realistic simulations
of generated programs.
This talk will also present an overview of Meta-Amphion, a long range
activity in the ASE group. Meta-Amphion is a system that specializes a
deductive synthesis system consisting of a domain theory and a
general-purpose theorem prover. The specialization technique takes as
input a domain theory and a library of parameterized decision
procedures. It identifies instances of the theories of these
procedures in the domain theory, interfaces the procedure instances to
a refutation-based theorem prover (SNARK), and often removes the
identified axioms from the domain theory. The result is a deductive
synthesis system that is specialized to the given domain theory and
usually far more efficient than the original system.
Note for Visitors to SRI: Please arrive at least 10 minutes early in
order to sign in and be shown to the conference room. SRI is located
at 333 Ravenswood Avenue in Menlo Park. Visitors may park in the
visitors lot in front of Building A or E, and should sign in at the
lobby of Building E and call 2641 to be escorted to the meeting room.
Directions to SRI, as well as maps, are available online through the
WWW at URL http://www.sri.com/local.html
____________
AI-VISION-ROBOTICS DIVISION COLLOQUIUM
on Thursday, 23 April 1998, 4:15pm until 5:30pm
Gates 104
http://www-formal.stanford.edu/aicolloq/
From Where AI Is Now to Human-Level AI
John McCarthy
Computer Sciences Department
Stanford University
It is not surprising that reaching human-level AI has proved to be
difficult and progress has been slow - though there has been definite
progress. The slowness and the demand to exploit what has been
discovered has led many to mistakenly redefine AI, sometimes in ways
that preclude human-level AI - by relegating to humans parts of the
task that human level computer programs should do. Taking such
redefinitions seriously impedes progress, especially by students.
This lecture tries to characterize the tasks that lie between us and
human-level AI, independent of the AI methodology chosen. These
problems include representation and reasoning.
Ideas for overcoming these problems, including nonmonotonic reasoning,
approximate concepts, formalized contexts and introspection, will be
discussed in the framework of logical AI.
____________
LOGIC LUNCH
on Friday, 24 April 1998, 12 noon
Math Corner 380:383N
http://www-logic.stanford.edu/seminars.html
A Fictionalist Account of the
Indispensable Applications of Mathematics
Mark Balaguer
Cal State, L.A.
I explain why mathematical fictionalism is consistent with the
existence of indispensable applications of mathematics to empirical
science. Field has tried to defend fictionalism against the
Quine-Putnam indispensability argument by arguing that mathematics is,
in fact, NOT indispensable to empirical science. I take the opposite
strategy: I assume (for the sake of argument) that mathematics IS
indispensable to empirical science, and I simply account for this from
a fictionalist point of view.
____________
SEMINAR ON PEOPLE, COMPUTER, AND DESIGN
on Friday, 24 April 1998, 12:30-2:00pm
Gates B03 (NEC Classroom)
http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/seminar/
(SITN Channel E2)
Distance Matters:
Intellectual Work Among Geographically Separated Group Members
Gary M. Olson & Judith S. Olson
School of Information, University of Michigan
mailto:gmo@umich.edu mailto:jolson@umich.edu
It is widely believed that effective intellectual work can be done
among team members who are geographically dispersed. We have studied
this in both the field and the laboratory, and are beginning to
understand the boundary conditions on when such effective work can be
achieved. Our research goal has been to understand what kinds of
tasks can be carried out effectively, and what kinds of technology
support are needed to support effective task outcomes. In the field
we have studied distributed teams of scientists working in
"collaboratories" (e.g., http://www.si.umich.edu/UARC/, a longitudinal
project now in its sixth year) and teams in global corporations as
they try to work together across great distances (cf.
http://www.crew.umich.edu/). We find that closely coupled work is
still difficult to support at a distance.
Similarly, such critical stages of team work as establishing mutual
trust appear to require some level of face-to-face interaction.
However, we have seen that teams of scientists are able to carry out
effective work, and indeed evolve totally new ways of working that
have great impact on their science. We have also examined
cross-national teams, and the support issues for them are somewhat
different than for within-nation teams. In the laboratory we have
compared face-to-face and distributed groups, and we have done
intensive analyses of the process as well as the outcome of work under
both kinds of conditions. We draw general conclusions about the
nature of distance-based work, including both the technical challenges
involved in supporting it and the social and organization processes
that mediate it.
Gary M. Olson is Professor and Associate Dean in the School of
Information and Professor of Psychology, all at the University of
Michigan. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University in cognitive
psychology, and has been at Michigan since 1975. He is also a
Professor at the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of
Science.
Judith S. Olson is Professor in the School of Information, Professor
of Computer and Information Systems in the School of Business
Administration, and Professor of Psychology, all at the University of
Michigan. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Michigan in
psychology, and did a postdoc at Stanford University. She has been at
Michigan since 1970, except for three years (1980-83) when she was
manager of a human factors group at Bell Labs.
The Olsons current research interests are in the cognitive and social
aspects of computer use, with a particular focus on how people use
computing and communication technologies to enable group work at a
distance. Their work involves both laboratory and field research on a
variety of collaboration technologies. The field work has been
conducted in both companies and in science communities.
____________
COMPUTER SCIENCE DATABASE SEMINAR
on Friday, 24 April 1998, 3:15pm - 4:30pm
Gates B12
http://www-db.stanford.edu/dbseminar/dbseminar.html
Abstractions for Advanced GUI Programming
Moshe M. Zloof
Principal Architect, Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
In the last twenty years, we have witnessed considerable progress in
an ever-increasing bandwidth from the computer to the user.
Application screens evolved from static text only screens to
interactive GUI screens. These screens contain numerous graphical
elements or "widgets", supporting multiple data types, such as text,
voice, image, and video. The widgets can range from simple ones like a
combo box or slider to more complicated OCX's such as interactive
graphs or maps.
On the other hand, the tools to program this application are still in
the domain of programmers. Although there has been much progress in
various TAD tools, visual language and 4GL to improve ease of use,
they still mostly target programmers. We believe that in order to
allow end-users to develop their own advanced UI applications, it is
necessary to create higher-level application abstractions or 'algebra'
for stating the application in a declarative manner. This can be
compared to the relational algebra operators in the data base area.
They were created as abstractions for data base queries, enabling end
users to express their own queries in a declarative manner. In doing
so, bugs are minimized and program modifications and maintenance
becomes trivial. In this talk, I will motivate the audience to see the
need for these abstractions and classify them into categories,
followed by a demo.
Biography: Dr. Moshe Zloof, Principal Architect at Hewlett-Packard
Laboratories, is considered a pioneer researcher in the area of data
base languages and user interfaces. Back in the 1970's, during a
complete departure from the traditional approach and while working at
IBM, Dr. Zloof created QUERY-BY-EXAMPLE (QBE) and OFFICE-BY-EXAMPLE
(OBE), the first visual programming languages which not only set the
stage for considerable research agenda, but also have been
incorporated in many successful products such as PARADOX, DBASE IV,
ACCESS and many more.
At Hewlett-Packard, Dr. Zloof is currently involved in developing the
IC-BY-EXAMPLE language - a new paradigm to enable non-programmer
professionals to construct the own applications.
Dr. Zloof has published numerous papers and articles, has chaired and
served as invited and keynote speaker at many national and
international conferences and universities. He has also received
several awards including the most prestigious IBM Corporate Award. He
has served as an adjunct professor at the Courant Institute of NYU and
Columbia University.
Dr. Zloof received his B.S. from the Technion Institute of Haifa,
Israel, and his M.S. and Ph.D. from the University of California at
Berkeley in 1969 and 1972 respectively.
____________
TRILATERAL PHONOLOGY WEEKEND
Saturday, 25 April 1998
1229 Dwinelle Hall
University of California, Berkeley
10:00 Coffee etc.
10:30-11:30 Keynote talk: Edward Flemming, Stanford University.
"Natural Classes"
11:30-12:10 Gunnar Hansson, UC Berkeley. Title TBA
12:10-1:40 LUNCH
1:40-2:20 Kazutaka Kurisu, UC Santa Cruz.
"Richness of the Base and Root Fusion in Sino-Japanese"
2:20-3:00 Paul Kiparsky, Stanford.
"Arabic syllable structure: CV-, VC-, and C-dialects"
3:00 Refreshments
3:20-4:00 Larry Hyman, Sharon Inkelas and Galen Sibanda, UC Berkeley.
"Sub-tree correspondence in Bantu reduplication"
4:00-4:40 Dan Karvonen, UC Santa Cruz. Title TBA
4:40-5:20 Kristin Hanson, UC Berkeley.
"The Linguistic Structure of Rhymes in Robert Pinsky's
'The Inferno of Dante'"
5:30 onward: dinner at Inkelas/Orgun residence
Please RVSP (to mailto:inkelas@cogsci.berkeley.edu) if you plan to
attend dinner.
____________
BERKELEY PHONOLOGY LABORATORY COLLOQUIUM
on Monday, 27 April 1998, 12 noon - 1:00pm
46 Dwinelle Hall (Berkeley)
http://trill.berkeley.edu/
Bird Song Synthesis and Physiology
Chris Fry
Department of Cognitive Science, UCSD
Song production in oscine birds is a complex, learned behavior used to
coordinate individuals in the avian world. Biologists have looked to
the song system as a simple model of learned vocalizations in humans,
however despite extensive study, we lack a clear understanding of how
motor commands are translated into sound at the level of the syrinx
(the avian vocal organ). Syringeal function has been compared to both
musical instruments and the human voice. Recent physiological studies
indicate that the syrinx may function more like the human voice than
was previously thought. The current study uses methods developed for
speech synthesis to model the air sacs, bronchi, oscillators and vocal
tract of several oscine species. The model produces both voiced and
pure-tone sounds and replicates a previous study of vocal tract
filtering in song birds. It represents the first unified theory of
sound production in song birds and suggests that song may function
similarly to speech at the level of the periphery.
____________
BERKELEY INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER SCIENCE INSTITUTE
on Monday, 27 April 1998, 3:30pm - 4:30pm
Main Lecture Hall, ICSI, 1947 Center Street, Sixth Floor, Berkeley
http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/talks/
Structured Documents and their Manipulation in Database Systems
Karl Aberer
GMD-IPSI, Darmstadt, Germany
mailto:aberer@darmstadt.gmd.de
At GMD-IPSI over the past years the problem of managing SGML/HyTime,
and recently XML, compliant documents have been investigated.
Prototypes for managing structured documents within object-oriented
and object-relational database management systems have been
developed. In the course of this work approaches for the classical
data management problems of modeling, declarative access and physical
storage management have been reworked to account for the structural
and behavioral properties of structured documents. We will discuss the
object-oriented modeling of documents, declarative access and query
optimization for document bases, and optimized storage schemes based
on document fragmentation. These results are of increasing importance,
since a substantial part of future information management will be
document based. This fact is best reflected by the explosive
development around the XML standard family within the WWW context.
____________
STANFORD DIGITAL LIBRARIES SEMINAR
on Monday, 27 April 1998, 4:30pm
Gates Building, B08
http://diglib.stanford.edu/diglib/seminars/seminars.html
Safeguarding Digital Library Contents and Users
Protecting Documents Rather than Channels
Ulrich Kohl and Jeffrey B. Lotspiech
IBM Almaden
In the digital world, a scenario in which publishers offer digital
contents directly to customers is technically feasible. However, the
role of the library as a middle tier between publisher and customer
offers so many advantages that it should be retained.
But both two- and three-tier digital library services must protect the
transactions between content owners and users. These not only include
the protection of the content, but also include payment, assertion of
copy- and usage rights, and protection of privacy. The talk contrasts
two different security technologies that enable these transactions:
secure connections and secure containers. We explain the concepts of
both approaches, using the IBM cryptolope technology as an example for
secure containers. We discuss the advantages and drawbacks of
Cryptolopes in comparison to secured communication channels like SSL
or S-HTTP.
____________
EE380: COMPUTER SYSTEMS COLLOQUIUM
on Wednesday, 29 April 1998, 4:15pm to 5:30pm
NEC Auditorium (B03), Gates Computer Science Building
http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee380/
Can you really Build SuperComputers from Commodity CyberBricks?
Jim Gray
Senior Researcher at Microsoft Research,
http://research.microsoft.com/barc/gray/
Fat servers are the dual of thin clients. Many forces are pushing us
to build huge compute and storage servers. The hardware to build such
servers is from commodity components is available today. Even more
extraordinary hardware is expected soon. The required software has
been slow to arrive. There are a few success stories: transaction
processing systems, parallel database systems for datamining, and more
recently web servers. This talk explains the key properties that
enabled these successes: a simple programming model and parallelism
that comes from many small requests or from massive dataflows.
Biography: Dr. Gray is a specialist in database and transaction
processing computer systems. At Microsoft his research focuses on
scalable computing: building super-servers and workgroup systems from
commodity software and hardware. Prior to joining Microsoft, he worked
at Digital, Tandem, IBM and AT&T on database and transaction
processing systems. He is editor of the Performance Handbook for
Database and Transaction Processing Systems, and coauthor of
Transaction Processing Concepts and Techniques. He holds doctorates
from Berkeley and Stuttgart, is a Member of the National Academy of
Engineering, Fellow of the ACM, a member of the National Research
Council's Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, Trustee of
the VLDB Foundation, and Editor of the Morgan Kaufmann series on Data
Management.
____________
BERKELEY INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER SCIENCE INSTITUTE
on Thursday, 30 April 1998, 2:00pm - 3:30pm
Main Lecture Hall, ICSI, 1947 Center Street, Sixth Floor, Berkeley
http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/talks/
Roomware and Cooperative Buildings:
Extending the Scope of Interaction and Cooperation beyond Desktops"
Norbert A. Streitz
GMD - German National Research Center for Information Technology
IPSI - Integrated Publication and Information Systems Institute
Darmstadt, Germany
In this talk, I will report about our new ideas on extending the scope
of collaboration not only from desktops to meeting room support but
taking a more comprehensive perspective resulting in highly flexible
and dynamic work environments. This perspective is provided by the
notion of "cooperative buildings" which addresses the issues of how to
integrate information technology, new work practices resulting from
organizational innovation, and the physical environment, the
architectural structures and facility management. It incorporates also
ideas from augmented reality and ubiquitous computing.
In order to illustrate this, we have developed i-LAND: an interactive
landscape for creativity and innovation. i-LAND integrates several
so-called "roomware" components into a combination of real,
architectural as well as virtual, digital work environments for
creative teams. By "roomware", we mean computer-augmented objects in
rooms, like furniture, doors, walls, and others. The current
realization of i-LAND covers an interactive electronic wall
(DynaWall), an interactive table (InteracTable), two versions of
computer-enhanced chairs (CommChairs). More components are planned;
i-LAND is an example application of our vision of the Workspaces of
the Future. At the same time, it is a testbed for developing new forms
of human-computer interaction and computer-supported cooperative work.
____________
SEMINAR ON PEOPLE, COMPUTER, AND DESIGN
on Friday, 1 May 1998, 12:30-2:00pm
Gates B03 (NEC Classroom)
http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/seminar/
(SITN Channel E2)
The Architecture of Identity
Phil Agre
Department of Communication, UC San Diego
mailto:pagre@weber.ucsd.edu
Privacy issues arise, according to the traditional analysis, when
computers are used to capture and circulate individually identifiable
information. Unfortunately, this theory leads to intractable political
controversies because it only offers two extreme options: complete
identification and complete anonymity. It is well known that new
cryptographic protocols provide a complicated space of options between
these two extremes. Before we can make reasoned political and
technical choices about the adoption of these technologies, however,
we need a much fuller understanding of the "natural history" of
identity in face-to-face and computer-mediated interactions as they
already exist. In this talk, I will sketch some of the cognitive and
institutional aspects of identity. Then I will apply this analysis to
various questions of economics and Internet architecture.
Biography: Phil Agre teaches in the Department of Communication at UC
San Diego. He is perhaps best known as the creator and editor of the
popular on-line information source, the Red Rock Eater, which provides
a wide range of material on computing, technology, and society. He is
also the author of Computation and Human Experience (Cambridge
University Press, 1997), co-editor with Doug Schuler of Computation
and Human Experience (Ablex, 1977) and co-editor with Marc Rotenberg
of Technology and Privacy : The New Landscape (MIT Press, 1997).
____________
COMPUTER SCIENCE DATABASE SEMINAR
on Friday, 1 May 1998, 3:15pm - 4:30pm
Gates B12
http://www-db.stanford.edu/dbseminar/dbseminar.html
The Architecture Required for Applications on the Web
Adam Bosworth
General Manager, Microsoft and Weblications Team
This talk focuses on why XML makes sense as a basic building block for
applications on the Web and what things remain to be done. Areas
covered include:
RPC:
XML provides an extraordinary opportunity to build the right
sort of RPC for the Web; one that is open, easy, asynchronous,
and coarse grained. All that is required is a standard grammar
for marshalling the arguments and describing the return
strategy.
Grammars:
Applications require in addition to the application specific
grammars some standard generic XML grammars, which are listed
below.
+ Generic Grammars
+ Rich meta-data and Data-typing
+ Discovery
+ Filtering
+ Updating
+ Presentation
API:
The World Wide Web Consortium is trying to finalize a
recommendation on an API known as the DOM (Document Object
Model) for accessing XML data. This API must be ubiquitous,
optimizable, and efficient to implement.
Stores:
XML will frequently be cached on machines either in queues or
in stores that allow more intelligent and rapid access. Some of
these stores will need to seem to the client code to be virtual
XML documents. Others will appear to be traditional queues.
Converters:
XML will act as an abstraction layer or logical view layer
between the implementation and other interested parties. As
such mapping engines or converters are required between the
actual implementation and the XML itself. There will need to be
at least three types of converters:
+ Converters between relational databases and XML.
+ Converters between objects and XML
+ Converters between XML and other XML including HTML for
presentation.
Biography: Adam Bosworth started at Microsoft in 1989 as a group
program manager. During his tenure at Microsoft, he was instrumental
in building Microsoft Access, he ran ODBC for a period of time, and he
developed the Database Outliner that shipped with Access Developer's
Toolkit. Recently, he led the development effort for Forms3 96, the
HTML forms technology for Microsoft Office '97 and the HTML Layout
Control. In the prior year, Adam was been the General Manager of the
Trident (DHTML in IE 4.0) project. Before coming to Microsoft, Adam
built a set of VAX-based MIS systems at Citicorp, started a company,
Analytica, and built Reflex (which was sold to Borland), and built
Borland's first version of Quattro. Adam graduated from Harvard with a
degree in Far Eastern and American History. Currently Adam is the
General Manager of Weblications which builds core technology for
building applications for the web and among other things is shipping
XML and XSL technology for Microsoft.
____________
END MATERIAL
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