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CSLI Calendar, 11 February 1998, vol. 13:20
C S L I C A L E N D A R O F P U B L I C E V E N T S
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11 February 1998 Stanford Vol. 13, No. 20
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A weekly publication of the
Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI)
Stanford University, Ventura Hall, Stanford, CA 94305-4115
____________
ACTIVITIES DURING 11 FEBRUARY TO 20 FEBRUARY 1998
WEDNESDAY, 11 FEBRUARY
4:15pm EE380: Computer Systems Laboratory Colloquium
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
Reconfigurable Processing
Andre DeHon
UC Berkeley
[ http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee380/lect06.html ]
THURSDAY, 12 FEBRUARY
12 noon CSLI CogLunch
Cordura Hall, Room 100
Collective Reasons for Acting
Raimo Tuomela
Academy of Finland, Philosophy
4:00pm Xerox PARC Forum
George Pake Auditorium, Xerox PARC
The Cassini Mission to Saturn
Richard J. Spehalski
Cassini Program Director, NASA JPL
[ http://www.parc.xerox.com/ops/projects/forum/1998/abstracts/abstract-02-12.html ]
4:15pm Seminar on Computational Learning and Adaptation (SCLA)
Gates 100
Minimum Message Length Applied to Segmenting Simple Time
Series
Jonathan J. Oliver
Ultimode Systems, Data Mining Consultancy, Berkeley, CA.
Abstract below
4:15pm Symbolic Systems Forum
Annenberg Auditorium
Words and Rules
Steven Pinker
MIT
Abstract below
7:30pm Phonology Workshop
Margaret Jacks Hall, 460:146
Polish Vowel-Zero Alternations and Prosodic Properties of
Morphemes
Grazyna Rowicka
Leiden University
Abstract below
FRIDAY, 13 FEBRUARY
12:30pm Seminar on People, Computers, and Design
Gates B01 (HP classroom)
The Inmates are Running the Asylum
Alan Cooper
Cooper Interaction Design
Abstract below
3:00pm Psychology Department Colloquium
Bldg. 380:380Y
Joshua Tenenbaum
MIT
[ http://matia.stanford.edu/html/talks.html#colloq ]
3:15pm Philosophy Department Colloquium
Bldg. 90:92Q
Computer Proof, A priori Knowledge, and Other Minds
Tyler Burge
Professor, UCLA
TUESDAY, 17 FEBRUARY
10:00am Neurobiology Seminar
Neurobiology Library, Fairchild D202
Adaptation and Gain Control in the Primary Visual Cortex
Dr. Matteo Carandini
Center for Neural Science, New York University
Host: Dr. Eric Knudsen
3:30pm Computer Science and Economics Seminar
Math 380:380X
Economics and Artificial Intelligence
Moshe Tennenholtz
Computer Science / Management, Technion
Note non-standard day
WEDNESDAY, 18 FEBRUARY
10:00am CSLI Seminar
Ventura 17
Discussion of "Information Flow: The Logic of Distributed
Systems" by Barwise and Seligman
Discussion led by David Israel
12 noon Psychology Department Colloquium
Bldg. 420:050 (Jordan Hall)
Perception and Memory as Related Processes:
Evidence from Early in Development
Scott Adler
University of Denver
3:45pm Psychology Department Colloquium
Bldg. 420:050 (Jordan Hall)
Towards the Neuronal Correlates of Visual Consciousness
Christof Koch
CalTech
4:15pm EE380: Computer Systems Laboratory Colloquium
Gates B03 (NEC Auditorium)
Hamlet on the Holodeck:
The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace
Janet H. Murray
MIT
Abstract below
THURSDAY, 19 FEBRUARY
12 noon CSLI CogLunch
Cordura Hall, Room 100
Executions, Accomplishments, Motivation
David Israel
SRI
4:00pm Xerox PARC Forum
George Pake Auditorium, Xerox PARC
Design and Modeling in the Fourth Dimension
Professor Martin Fischer
Stanford University, Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering
4:00pm CSLI Talk
Cordura 100
Amalia -- Abstract MAchine for LInguistic Applications
Shuly Wintner
Tuebingen
Abstract below
4:15pm Seminar on Computational Learning and Adaptation (SCLA)
Gates 100
Title to be announced
Dennis DeCoste
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA
4:30pm History of Science Colloquium
History Corner, room 307
Science Studies after Social Construction: The Return of
the Comparative and the Global
Margaret Jacob
History and Sociology of Science, University of
Pennsylvania
7:30pm Phonology Workshop
Margaret Jacks Hall, 460:146
Complex Clusters: New Prosodic Domain-stem (Case study in
Modern Georgian)
Marika Butskhrikidze
Leiden University
Abstract below
FRIDAY, 20 FEBRUARY
12:30pm Seminar on People, Computers, and Design
Gates B01 (HP classroom)
The Eyes Have It: User Interfaces for Information
Visualization
Ben Shneiderman
University of Maryland
Abstract below
3:15pm Philosophy Department Colloquium
Bldg. 90:92Q
Sara Buss
Asst. Professor, University of Iowa
3:15pm Cognitive Seminar
Jordan Hall 420:100
Cognition and the Visual Arts
Bob Solso
U Nevada: Reno
____________
SEMINAR ON COMPUTATIONAL LEARNING AND ADAPTATION (SCLA)
on Thursday, 12 February 1998, 4:15pm to 5:30pm
Gates 100
[ http://www-csli.stanford.edu/cll/scla.html ]
Minimum Message Length Applied to
Segmenting Simple Time Series
Jonathan J. Oliver
(joint work with Catherine Forbes)
Ultimode Systems
Data Mining Consultancy
Berkeley, CA
[ http://www.ultimode.com/ ]
The segmentation problem arises in many applications in data mining,
A.I. and statistics. In this talk, we consider segmenting simple time
series -- this involves determining how many distinct intervals there
are in a time series and when they occur. For example, when we examine
economic time series it would be useful to identify periods of growth,
recession, depression, etc. We apply (without mathematical details)
Minimum Message Length (MML) to the segmentation problem. We also
consider a range of other approaches to segmentation, including: a
Bayes Factors approach, Minimum Description Length (MDL) and Classical
Statistical approaches. We find the segmentation problem interesting
because it highlights significant differences between MML, MDL and
Bayes Factors. Simulations comparing these approaches indicated that:
a) MML gave significantly different and superior results to the Bayes
Factors approach, and b) while MDL messages were shorter than MML
messages, the MML results were again superior to MDL. Finally, we
apply the segmentation method to real world time series data.
____________
SYMBOLIC SYSTEMS FORUM
on Thursday, 12 February 1998, 4:15pm
Annenberg Auditorium
[ http://www.stanford.edu/dept/symbol/forum.html ]
Words and Rules
Steve Pinker
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Language works by two principles: the arbitrary sound-meaning pairing
underlying words, and the discrete combinatorial system underlying
grammar. These principles implicate distinct systems: associative
memory and symbol-manipulating rules. I present supporting evidence
from three disciplines (cognitive psychology, linguistics,
neuroscience), based on a preparation where the two systems compete:
irregular (`break-broke') and regular (`walk-walked') inflection.
____________
STANFORD PHONOLOGY WORKSHOP
on Thursday, 12 February 1998, 7:30pm
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:146
[ http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/Linguistics/pinterest/ ]
Polish Vowel-Zero Alternations and Prosodic Properties of Morphemes
Grazyna Rowicka
HIL / Leiden University
The Netherlands
Vowel-zero alternations in Polish have inspired a great deal of
discussion in the phonological literature. Vowels alternating with
zero have often been referred to as `yers'. The problem I address
involves a number of patterns of yer surfacing in derived words in
Polish. I will focus on non-verbal suffixation.
Suffixes containing yers can be classified into two groups. In Class A
suffixes, including diminutive -Ek, adjectival -ny/-En and
nominalising -Ec, the yer vowel (capitalized) regularly surfaces
before a zero inflectional ending (cf. (1a)), but it is absent before
a contentful inflectional ending (cf. (1b)). Multiple suffixation can
result in yers surfacing in consecutive syllables (cf. (2)). In Class
B suffixes, including nominalising -ba, -wa and -stwo, the yer does
not appear before a zero inflectional ending (cf. (3)), but it does
appear when another yer-containing derivational suffix is attached
(cf. (4)).
(1) Class A suffixes
a.Yer surfacing before zero inflection
domEk `little house'
pewiEn `sure-pred.'
kupiEc `merchant'
b.No yer before contenful inflection
domka `idem-gen-sg'
pewny `sure-nom-sg'
kupca `idem-gen-sg'
(2) Class A suffixes: Yers surfacing in consecutive syllables
cukiEr `sugar' cf. cukru `idem-gen-sg'
cukiErEk `candy-nom-sg' cf. cukiErka `idem-gen-sg'
cukiErEczEk `candy-dim-nom-sg' cf. cukiErEczka `idem-gen-sg'
(3) Class B suffixes: No yer surfacing before inflection
sluzba `servise' sluzb `idem-gen-pl'
bitwa `battle' bitw `idem-gen-pl'
panstwo `state' panstw `idem-gen-pl'
(4) Class B suffixes: Yer surfacing before another derivational suffix
sluzEbna `maid'
bitEwny `battle-adj'
panstEwko `state-dim'
For the analysis I adopt a revised framework of Government Phonology
(cf. Kaye, Lowenstamm & Vergnaud 1990, Rowicka, in press, van der
Hulst & Rowicka 1997). According to this approach, vowels alternating
with zero are represented as empty nuclei. Yer surfacing involves
providing a phonetic interpretation for an empty nuclear position
which is already present in the representation. Apart from vowel-zero
alternations, the postulation of some empty nuclei is dictated by
certain universal conditions on syllabic structure.
Whether an empty nucleus must be phonetically realised, or not, is
determined by internuclear conditions which resemble well-formedness
conditions on metrical structure. Empty nuclei form binary relations
together with contentful nuclei, called Proper Government (PG)
relations. These resemble trochaic metrical feet. In most languages,
all nuclei which end up in strong positions in such `PG feet' must
have phonetic interpretation. This parallels the situation in stress
systems where all foot heads are assigned some degree of stress. In
surface terms, this considerably restricts the size of possible
consonantal clusters.
In the case of Polish, I argue that the phonetic realization of an
empty nucleus is parallel to stress assignment in a lexical accent
system. Only one empty nucleus per word per phonological cycle may
acquire phonetic realization, the one which is the prosodic head of
the word. The location of the prosodic word head is determined by
general well- formedness conditions, such as the word edge
orientation,combined with the lexical prosodic properties of
morphemes. Morphemes can be lexically marked as `unstressable', which
means that the prosodic word head should not be located within such a
morpheme. Consequently, yer surfacing is avoided in such morphemes. I
argue that Class B suffixes are such `unstressable' morphemes in
Polish. They disallow yer surfacing (cf. (3)), just like e.g. in
Russian certain morphemes reject stress.
On the other hand, Class A suffixes are `stressable'. Their attachment
triggers cyclic formation of a Proper Government foot at the right
word edge and yer surfacing (cf. (1)). At every cycle the empty
nucleus which is the PG foot head acquires phonetic interpretation.
This may result in sequences of yers surfacing in consecutive
syllables (cf. (2)). Given the fact that the most external
derivational affix is the morphological head of the word, a Class A
suffix attached after a Class B suffix overrides the `unstressability'
of the Class B suffix. It triggers a cyclic analysis of the whole
word, as a result of which also yers in the Class B suffix may
surface, as in (4). prefixes, such as wz- in wzniesc `to raise'.
____________
SEMINAR ON PEOPLE, COMPUTER, AND DESIGN
on Friday, 13 February 1998, 12:30-2:00pm
Gates B01 (HP Classroom)
[ http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/seminar/ ]
(SITN Channel E2)
The Inmates are Running the Asylum
Alan Cooper
Cooper Interaction Design
mailto:alan@cooper.com
Are you an inmate? What if we switched the metaphor to, "the building
contractors are telling the architects where to put the windows?"
Strike a little closer to home?
The mechanics of building an application often end up taking
precedence over the aims of the project, to the point where
nobody--user, designer, programmer or manager--ends up getting what
they want. Alan Cooper, the "Father of Visual Basic" and author of
About Face: The Essentials of User Interface Design, sees a cure for
this craziness in a new way to design interaction. His Goal-Directed
Design process creates applications that provide power and pleasure to
the people who use them.
This presentation will provide perspective on design issues and
include a case study of how a leading vendor has adopted Cooper's
approach. Come prepared to toss out some old ideas, hear some new ones
and perhaps even escape from the asylum.
Biography: Alan Cooper believes that software should deliver power and
pleasure to its users, but rarely does either. He is the author of the
influential book About Face: The Essentials of User Interface Design
(IDG Books). Alan and his Palo Alto based consulting firm, Cooper
Interaction Design, have created breakthrough interactive product
designs for IBM, Sony, Logitech, and several internet/intranet
start-ups.
For twenty years Alan has designed and developed consumer software
products including SuperProject, published by Computer Associates;
MicroPhone II for Windows, published by Software Ventures; and the
visual programming user interface for Visual Basic, published by
Microsoft. In 1976 Cooper founded Structured Systems Group, Inc.-a
company that Freiberger and Swaine in Fire in the Valley said produced
"perhaps the first serious business software for a microcomputer."
Bill Gates gave Cooper a Windows Pioneer Award at Windows World in
1994 which recognized how Alan's part in the invention of Visual Basic
contributed to the success of Microsoft Windows. Alan is a member of
the Corporate Design Foundation and the American Center for Design. He
is a former director of the Association for Software Design's Silicon
Valley Chapter and a member of the national organization's Board of
Directors. Alan serves on the advisory board of the Software Forum and
was the founder of SEF's Windows SIG, the largest Windows developers
group in the world. He is a frequent, opinionated and engaging
industry speaker and writer on the topics of user interface and
conceptual software design.
____________
EE380 COMPUTER SYSTEMS COLLOQUIUM
on Wednesday, 18 February 1998, 4:15pm to 5:30pm
NEC Auditorium (B03), Gates Computer Science Building
[ http://www.stanford.edu/class/ee380/ ]
Hamlet on the Holodeck:
The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace
Janet H. Murray
MIT Center for Educational Computing Initiatives
[ http://web.mit.edu/jhmurray/www/ ]
[ http://web.mit.edu/jhmurray/www/HOH.html ]
The current moment is analogous to the invention of the movie camera
100 years ago. A new medium of communication, with particular promise
for the creation of narrative has arrived, but we have yet to invent
the new narrative forms that will be the equivalent of the "movies."
We are currently in transition between the additive stage of
"multi-media" (equivalent to the creation of "photo-plays") and the
development of expressive form. This change will happen when we learn
to exploit the intrinsic properties of the computer. This talk will
identify those properties and the narrative pleasures and problems
intrinsic to digital media.
Biography: Janet H. Murray is Senior Research Scientist and Director
of the Program in Advanced Interactive Narrative Technology (PAINT) in
MIT's Center for Educational Computing Initiatives. She is a pioneer
of multimedia computing in the humanities and has won the Educom and
the Gold Cindy awards among others for her work in interactive
design. Her recently published Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of
Narrative in Cyberspace (Free Press, 1997) was cited by Library
Journal as one of the two "Best Books of 1998" in the field of
computing, and has been hailed as a "brilliant look at the future of
storytelling," (James Coates, Chicago Tribune),"a landmark book" (Jon
Katz, Hotwired ) and a "Poetics for Cyberspace" (Peter Petre,
Fortune). It is based in part on her course in Interactive Narrative,
which has been offered at MIT since 1992. She lectures and consults
widely on interactive design and applications of new media.
Dr. Murray has been at MIT since 1971, dividing her interests between
the literature of the nineteenth and the twenty-first centuries. She
was born in New York City, and holds a Ph.D. in English Literature
from Harvard University.
____________
CSLI TALK
on Thursday, 19 February 1998, 4:00pm
Cordura Hall, Room 100
[ http://www-csli.stanford.edu/csli/Coglunch/ ]
Amalia -- Abstract MAchine for LInguistic Applications
Shuly Wintner
Tuebingen
Contemporary linguistic formalisms such as LFG or HPSG have become so
rigorous that it is now possible to view them as very high level
declarative programming languages. Consequently, grammars for natural
languages can be viewed as programs; this view enables the application
of various methods and techniques that were proved useful for
programming languages to the domain of natural languages. This work
introduces such an application: an implementation technique that is
common for logic programming languages, namely the use of an abstract
machine, is applied to (a subset of) the ALE formalism, originally
designed for specifying feature-structure based phrase-structure
grammars.
We present Amalia (Abstract MAchine for LInguistic Applications), an
abstract machine specifically tailored for processing ALE grammars. It
is composed of data structures and a set of instructions, augmented by
a compiler from the grammatical formalism to the abstract
instructions, and a (portable) interpreter of the abstract
instructions. The effect of each instruction is defined using a
low-level language that can be executed on ordinary hardware.
Execution of the compiled code amounts to parsing with respect to the
original grammar. A variant of the compiler produces code for
generation.
The advantages of the abstract machine approach are twofold. From a
theoretical point of view, the abstract machine gives a well-defined
operational semantics to the grammatical formalism. From a practical
point of view, Amalia is the first system that employs a direct
compilation scheme for unification grammars that are based on typed
feature structures. The use of Amalia results in a much improved
performance over existing systems.
____________
STANFORD PHONOLOGY WORKSHOP
on Thursday, 19 February 1998, 7:30pm
Margaret Jacks Hall 460:146
[ http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/Linguistics/pinterest/ ]
Complex clusters:
New prosodic domain - Stem
(Case study Modern Georgian)
Marika Butskhrikidze
Leiden University
Georgian as well as many other languages (e.g., Berber, Bella Coola,
Russian, Polish, etc.) having complex onsets pose a "problem" for the
current theories of syllable structure. Two universal phonological
principles that have been proposed: the Sonority Sequencing Principle
and Prosodic Licensing seem to be violated in these languages.
Two ways might be offered to resolve the problem: (i) To reconsider
the analysis of the language's phonotactic system or (ii) To
reconsider the universal principles themselves. Most of the studies
(at least on Georgian syllable structure) have been done proposing
different analyses of complex onsets, e.g. Headless Syllables (Nepveu
1994); Semi-Syllables (Cho & King 1996); Syllabified Consonants (Bush
1997), Syllabic consonants.
We are proposing a different type of approach for Georgian and, in
general, for the languages having complex clusters not obeying the
universal phonological rules. In our study we do not need to
reconsider neither the phonotactics of languages, nor principles, but
simply look carefully at the morphological constituency of words.
The most salient characteristic of complex clusters is their
distribution (even though it was noticed in almost all the studies
mentioned, it has not been properly appreciated) and hence it is the
crucial in our approach. When analyzing Georgian data it is obviously
seen that the complex clusters not obeying the SSP only occur in the
word initial position. The initial syllable of the word coincides with
the stem initial position. Thus the domain of the distribution of
clusters is the stem. The domain of the Sonority Sequencing Principle
is the syllable (we argue that word initial is not the same as
syllable initial and word final is not the same as syllable final). We
adopt the definition of the syllable as "the smallest unit of
recurrent sequence". Thus, since domains do not match, there is no
problem with consonant clusters. Still there is another universal
phonological principle: Prosodic Licensing. How can we handle the
violation of this principle?
My previous studies (Butskhrikidze 1994, 1995, 1996,1997) examined the
correlations between: 1. Morphological structure of a word and
placement of fixed accent; 2. Placement of fixed accent and final
devoicing; 3. Placement of fixed accent and the distribution of
consonant clusters; 4. Word morphological structure and distribution
of consonant clusters.
The last correlation seems relevant for the discussion.
Hypothesis 1: If a language has a basic word form coinciding
with the stem and the fixed accent on the final syllable,
obstruent clusters are likely to occur word finally rather
than word initially.
Hypothesis 2: If a language has a basic word form: stem+suffix
and the fixed accent is not on the final syllable, obstruent
clusters are more likely to occur word initially rather than
word finally.
The hypotheses have been tested in 50 fixed accent languages from 11
language families.
The languages are divided into two groups:
1. Languages having a word form: stem + affix and a fixed accent not on
the final syllable. The accent falls either on the first syllable
of the word, or on the penultimate or the placement is restricted
to the second and third syllables from the end).
2. Languages having word form coinciding with stem and fixed accent on
the final position.
Type 1: Kartvelian (Georgian, Megrelian, Laz); Germanic (Jiddish,
German, Icelandic); Jeniseyan (Ket); Finno-Ugric (Finish,
Karelian, Livonian, Saam); Baltic (Estonian); Slavic (Polish);
Indic (Sanskrit); Iranian (Old Persian).
Type 2: Iranian (Persian, Beludchi, Tadzhic, Kurdish, Jazghulam,
Ishkashim); Lezgian (Lezg); Manchu-Tungus (Nanay, Itelmen,
Oroch) Armenian (Grabar, Modern Armenian); Turkic (Turkish,
Karaim, Turkmen, Uzbek, Gagauz, Kumukh, Tuva, Khakas);
Finno-Ugric (Udmurt), Romance (French).
In type 1 languages obstruent clusters are likely to occur word
finally and in type 2 languages -- word initially.
To summarize, from the above established relations what is relevant
for our present discussion about complex clusters is that clusters are
related to the stem and word accent. If the stem (namely the
distribution of stem in a word) is the domain for phonological rules,
(i.e. it determines: (i) The word prosodic structure; (ii)
Distribution of consonant clusters in a word; (iii) Final devoicing)
it seems that we can freely introduce a stem level in to the Prosodic
Hierarchy. If a unit (in our case stem) functions as a domain for
phonological rules, then it is a constituent in phonological
representation (Inkelas 1989), 40). Thus the revised version of the
Prosodic Hierarchy will be:
Prosodic Hierarchy:
Prosodic Word
STEM
Foot
Syllable
Now after introducing new prosodic domain in the Prosodic Hierarchy it
seems we can account the "problem" of Georgian complex clusters.
First of all the clusters do not pose problem for Prosodic Licensing,
since distribution of complex clusters is restricted to word initial
(stem initial position). If we recognize the prosodic domain stem,
then to account for the appearance of the clusters in the stem initial
position is easy. After revision of the notion syllable as a smallest
unit of the recurrent sequence, complex clusters do not create problem
for the SSP. The SSP is defined at the domain of the syllable and
complex clusters not obeying the SSP appear in the domain of stem.
Thus the violation is not surprising since the domains do not match.
Bella Coola, Russian, and Berber follow the same pattern: clusters not
obeying the SSP are restricted to the word initial (stem initial)
position. The clusters should not be considered as constituents of
syllables but rather of the stems. The evidence for this is
reduplication. When reduplication applies these clusters undergo
changes: either one of the consonant deletes, or schwa appears between
consonants, etc. Thus the domain of "odd" clusters is the prosodic
domain the Stem and not the Syllable and therefore neither Prosodic
Licensing nor the SSP is violated. Prosodic Licensing is not violated
because we are still dealing with the prosodic domain Stem which
licenses the occurrence of clusters, and the SSP is not violated
because the domain of the SSP is the syllable and domain of "odd"
cluster distribution is Stem.
____________
SEMINAR ON PEOPLE, COMPUTER, AND DESIGN
on Friday, 20 February 1998, 12:30-2:00pm
Gates B01 (HP Classroom)
[ http://www-pcd.stanford.edu/seminar/ ]
(SITN Channel E2)
The Eyes Have It:
User Interfaces for Information Visualization
Ben Shneiderman
Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory, University of Maryland
mailto:ben@cs.umd.edu
Human perceptual skills are remarkable, but largely underutilized by
current graphical user interfaces. The next generation of animated
GUIs and visual data mining tools can provide users with remarkable
capabilities if designers follow the Visual Information-Seeking
Mantra:
Overview first, zoom and filter, then details-on-demand. But this is
only a starting point in the path to understanding the rich set of
information visualizations that have been proposed. Two other
landmarks are:
* Direct manipulation: visual representation of the objects and
actions of interest and rapid, incremental, and reversible
operations
* Dynamic queries: user controlled query widgets, such as sliders
and buttons, that update the result set within 100msec.and are
shown in the FilmFinder, Visible Human Explorer (for National
Library of Medicine's anatomical data), NASA EOSDIS (for
environmental data), and LifeLines (for medical records and
personal histories).
As a guide to research, information visualizations can be categorized
into 7 datatypes (1-, 2-, 3-dimensional data, temporal and
multi-dimensional data, and tree and network data) and 7 tasks
(overview, zoom, filter, details-on-demand, relate, history, and
extract). Research directions include algorithms for rapid display
update with millions of data points, strategies to explore vast
multi-dimensional spaces of linked data, and design of advanced user
controls.
Biography: Ben Shneiderman is a Professor in the Department of
Computer Science, Head of the Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory,
and Member of the Institute for Systems Research, all at the
University of Maryland at College Park. Dr. Shneiderman is the author
of Software Psychology: Human Factors in Computer and Information
Systems (1980) and Designing the User Interface: Strategies for
Effective Human-Computer Interaction (1987, second edition 1992, third
edition 1997), Addison-Wesley Publishers, Reading, MA.
Dr. Shneiderman has co-authored two textbooks, edited three technical
books, and published more than 180 technical papers and book chapters.
His 1993 edited book Sparks of Innovation in Human-Computer
Interaction collects 25 papers from ten years of research at the
University of Maryland. This collection includes Dr. Shneiderman's
seminal paper on direct manipulation, a term he coined in 1981 to
describe the graphical user interface design principles: visual
presentation of objects and actions combined with pointing techniques
to accomplish rapid incremental and reversible operations. Ben
Shneiderman received his BS from City College of New York in 1968, his
PhD from State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1973. He
received an Honorary Doctorate of Science from the University of
Guelph, Ontario, Canada in 1996 and was elected as a Fellow of the
Association for Computing (ACM) in 1997.
____________
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