[Prev][Next][Index]
CSLI Calendar, 02 Nov 1995, vol.11:06
-
To: friends
-
Subject: CSLI Calendar, 02 Nov 1995, vol.11:06
-
From: Tom Burke <burke>
-
Date: Wed, 1 Nov 1995 13:22:59 -0800 (PST)
-
Flags: 000000000000
C S L I C A L E N D A R O F P U B L I C E V E N T S
______________________________________________________________________________
2 November 1995 Stanford Vol. 11, No. 6
______________________________________________________________________________
A weekly publication of the Center for the Study of Language and
Information (CSLI), Stanford University, Ventura Hall, Stanford, CA 94305-4115
____________
CSLI ACTIVITIES DURING 1 -- 10 NOVEMBER 1995
WEDNESDAY, 1 NOVEMBER
3:15 - Philosophy of Computation Seminar
Ventura Hall, Room 17
Turing Machines Revisited (I)
Brian Cantwell Smith, Xerox PARC and Stanford Philosophy
Abstract below
3:30 - Psychology Colloquium
Building 420
Emotional Universals
Anna Wierzbicka, Australian National University
THURSDAY, 2 NOVEMBER
10:00 - STASS Seminar
Cordura Hall, Room 100
The Reflexive/Incremental Approach to Information, Cognition,
Language, and Action: Philosophy of Language
John Perry and David Israel
Abstract below
12:00 - Cognitive Science Lunch
Cordura Hall, Room 100
What Good is Consciousness?
Fred Dretske, Stanford Philosophy
Abstract below
3:00 - CSLI Open House
Cordura Hall
Demos and Discussions of CSLI Interface Lab and
Cognitive Science projects
[http://www-csli.stanford.edu/csli/projects.html]
8:00 - Signed Languages Group
Cordura Hall, Room 100
DeltaMessages Multimedia for Deaf Children's Literacy:
The Swedish Sign Language CD-ROM
Keith Nelson, Penn State
Abstract below
FRIDAY, 3 NOVEMBER
12:00 - Logic Lunch
Building 380, Room 383-N
Logic Programs vs. Inductive Definitions
Robert F. Staerk, Stanford Mathematics
Abstract below
12:30 - HCI Seminar
Skilling Auditorium, SITN Channel E1
Interacting with the Digital Library
Terry Winograd
Abstract below
3:15 - Philosophy Colloquium
Encina Hall, Room 423
What Makes Scientific Theories Explanatory?
Yair Guttmann, Stanford Philosophy
3:30 - Linguistics Colloquium
Building 460, Room 146
Constructing Inflectional Paradigms
Dieter Wunderlich, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet, Duesseldorf
Abstract below
TUESDAY, 7 NOVEMBER
4:15 - Seminar on Computational Learning and Adaptation
Medical School Office Building, Room 303
Learning the Structure of a Bayesian Network
David Heckerman, Microsoft Corporation
Abstract below
7:00 - SSP Film Series
Cubberley Hall, Room 128
Bill Gates Addresses the Electronic Messaging
Association (1994)
Abstract below
WEDNESDAY, 8 NOVEMBER
3:15 - Philosophy of Computation Seminar
Ventura Hall, Room 17
Turing Machines Revisited (II)
Brian Cantwell Smith, Xerox PARC
Abstract below
THURSDAY, 9 NOVEMBER
4:15 - SSP Forum
Building 60, Room 61-F
Designing Applications that Help People Collaborate
Ellen Isaacs, Sun Microsystems
Abstract below
FRIDAY, 10 NOVEMBER
12:30 - HCI Seminar
Skilling Auditorium, SITN Channel E1
The Establishment of Identity in Virtual Communities
Judith Donath, MIT Media Lab
3:15 - Philosophy Colloquium
Encina Hall, Room 423
Reason and Actions
Philip Clark, UC Davis Philosophy
3:30 - Linguistics Colloquium
Building 460, Room 146
On the Need to Recognize Constructions
Adele Goldberg, UC San Diego Linguistics
Abstract below
SATURDAY, 11 NOVEMBER
8:30 - TREND (Trilateral Phonology Weekend)
at UC Berkeley
____________
The CSLI Calendar appears on Wednesday of each week throughout the academic
year. Announcements, abstracts, and other information to appear in the
Calendar can be submitted by e-mail to <incalendar@csli.stanford.edu>.
Further information about CSLI and past issues of the CSLI Calendar
are available on the Internet at URL <http://www-csli.stanford.edu/csli/>.
The Calendar is also posted each week to the <csli.bboard> newsgroup.
____________
PHILOSOPHY OF COMPUTATION SEMINAR
on Wednesday, 1 November
3:15 p.m., Ventura Hall, Room 17
Turing Machines Revisited, Part 1
Brian Cantwell Smith
Xerox PARC and Stanford Philosophy
[bcsmith@parc.xerox.com]
The reading for today's seminar is Volume III Chapter 1 of _The Middle
Distance_. A course description can be found at [http://shr.stanford.edu/
BCSmith/phil395a.html]
____________
PSYCHOLOGY COLLOQUIUM
on Wednesday, 1 November
3:30 p.m., Building 420
Emotional Universals
Anna Wierzbicka
Australian National University Linguistics
[olohling@fac.anu.edu.au]
____________
STASS SEMINAR
on Thursday, 2 November
10:00 a.m., Cordura Hall, Room 100
The Reflexive/Incremental Approach to Information, Cognition,
Language, and Action: Philosophy of Language
John Perry and David Israel
Stanford Philosophy and SRI
[john@csli.stanford.edu,israel@ai.sri.com]
As background, see Perry, "Indexicals and Demonstratives." In _Companion to
the Philosophy of Language_, edited by Robert Hale and Crispin Wright (Oxford:
Basil Blackwell, forthcoming). Also relevant: Perry, "Reflexivity,
Indexicality and Names" (forthcoming). Papers are available at
[http://www-csli/users/john/phil.html].
____________
CSLI COGLUNCH
on Thursday, 2 November
12:00 noon, Cordura Hall, Room 100
What Good is Consciousness?
Fred Dretske
Stanford Philosophy
[dretske@csli.stanford.edu]
There has been a recent spate of interest in the function -- biological or
otherwise -- of consciousness. What good is it? Some of this interest has
been generated by recent discoveries in neuropsychology that seem to show that
subjects can pick up (and use!) the same information as normal subjects
without ever being conscious of it. I will do what philosophers always do:
make some distinctions and then claim that, in the light of these
distinctions, the answer (to the title question) is pretty obvious.
A description and schedule for the CogLunch series on consciousness can be
found at [http://www-csli.stanford.edu/csli/9495reps/coglunch.html].
Fall Calendar:
October 12: Owen Flanagan (Philosophy, Duke U.)
19: Ernest Hilgard (Psychology, Stanford U.)
26: John McCarthy (Computer Science, Stanford U.)
November 2: Fred Dretske (Philosophy, Stanford U.)
9: IAP EVENTS (No CogLunch)
16: Bruce Mangan (Cognitive Science, UC Berkeley)
23: THANKSGIVING (No CogLunch)
30: Henry Stapp (Physics, Berkeley Livermore Labs)
[PLEASE NOTE: Dr. David Spiegel's talk, originally scheduled for November 30,
is postponed to the Winter Quarter (January 18). On November 30, Professor
Henry Stapp will be the speaker. There will be no CogLunch on December 7.]
____________
CSLI OPEN HOUSE
on Thursday, 2 November
3:00 p.m.--6:00 p.m., Cordura Hall
Featuring demonstrations from CSLI's Interface Laboratory projects
and poster talks about CSLI's Cognitive Science projects.
Elegant automated parsing performed before your very eyes!
See no hands computing!
Voice control of Macs, Suns, and SGI machines!
A computer controlled by eye movements!
A computer controlled by brain activity: no hands, no voice, no eyes!
See hyper logicians do hyper proofs!
Be conscious, and talk about it with real philosophers!
Talk about it some more, and then talk about talk itself
with real linguists and psychologists!
Tell your friends! Tell your family!
Bring your friends! Bring your family!
Stretch your mind and fill your stomach!
Learn what CSLI is all about!
See what your friends and colleagues do when they disappear to CSLI!
And while you're at it, be part of the drawing for a free CSLI book!
____________
SIGNED LANGUAGES GROUP
on Thursday, 2 November
8:00 p.m., Cordura Hall, Room 100
DeltaMessages Multimedia for Deaf Children's Literacy:
The Swedish Sign Language CD-ROM
Keith Nelson
Pennsylvania State
Keith Nelson from Penn State University will hazard the first US demo of a new
multimedia CD-ROM including Swedish Sign Language for the Macintosh.
Theoretical ideas and some field test data from earlier versions of the
literacy program will be discussed.
____________
LOGIC LUNCH
on Friday, 3 November
12:00 noon, Building 380, Room 383-N
Logic Programs vs. Inductive Definitions
Robert F. Staerk
Stanford Mathematics
[staerk@math.stanford.edu]
This talk is about the connections between positive elementary inductive
definitions over the Herbrand universe and Prolog-like logic programs. In
general, the least fixed point of a positive elementary inductive definitions
over the Herbrand universe is Pi-1-1 and has no computational meaning. The
finite stages, however, are computable, because validity of equational
formulas in the Herbrand universe is decidable. We show that the finite stages
are exactly what is computed by logic programs by turning notions like
negation-as-failure and left-termination into positive inductive definitions.
We set up a basic formal system for positive elementary inductive definitions
over the Herbrand universe and show that the provably recursive functions of
the system are exactly that of Peano arithmetic. The formal system contains
the so-called inductive extension of a logic program, a first-order theory
that can be used to verify pure Prolog-like logic programs of practical
interest. We have used the inductive extension to formally prove the
equivalence of a nondeterministic, definite clause grammar (DCG) and a
deterministic parser for ISO standard Prolog. The parser is not a toy program
but a real parser which does not simply fail if a token list is not a correct
expression according to the ISO standard, but returns an error message
together with the position at which the syntax error occurred. The formalized
proof is about 60 pages long.
_____________
SEMINAR ON HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION
on Friday, 3 November
12:30 p.m., Skilling Auditorium
Interacting with the Digital Library
Terry Winograd
Stanford Computer Science
[winograd@cs.stanford.edu]
As information of widely diverse types and origins becomes a part of the
world's digital library, a key problem is the integration of heterogeneous
materials into a common platform. This includes work on widely-applicable
formats, protocols, and representations, which can support services for
access, search, information transformation, display, archiving, and the like.
It also requires new tools for the user, which can bring a uniform conceptual
model to the full range of information tasks, for providing, organizing,
manipulating and viewing information.
This talk describes work in progress in the digital libraries project at
Stanford, in the area of interface and interaction. I will describe the
general context of the research and present some examples of specific projects
and the issues that they are addressing.
TERRY WINOGRAD is Professor of Computer Science at Stanford. He began his
career in computing in the field of Artificial Intelligence, specializing in
natural language understanding. After rethinking the problems and potentials
of computational intelligence (see Winograd and Flores, Understanding
Computers and Cognition, Addison-Wesley, 1987), he left AI research and for
the last decade has worked in the area of human-computer interaction. He
initiated the Project on People, Computers and Design and the program in
Human-Computer Interaction at Stanford. His previous books include Usability:
Turning Technologies Into Tools (edited with Paul Adler, Oxford, 1992) and he
is the editor of a forthcoming book, Bringing Design to Software,
Addison-Wesley, 1996.
Winograd was a founder and past-president of Computer Professionals for Social
Responsibility and is on the USACM public policy committee, and the advisory
Board of the Association for Software Design , the Universal Access Project of
the World Institute on Disability. He was a founder of Action Technologies,
and consults at Interval Research, which is one of the sponsors of the work
being presented in this talk.
____________
PHILOSOPHY COLLOQUIUM
on Friday, 3 November
3:15 p.m., Encina Hall, Room 423
What Makes Scientific Theories Explanatory?
Yair Guttmann
Stanford Philosophy
[guttmann@csli.stanford.edu]
____________
LINGUISTICS COLLOQUIUM
on Friday, 3 November
3:30 p.m., Building 460, Room 146
Constructing Inflectional Paradigms
Dieter Wunderlich
Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet, Duesseldorf
[dieter@csli.stanford.edu]
A child who is confronted with a consistent set of inflectional word forms is
more likely to identify the basic vocabulary (i.e., the set of stems and
affixes) on the basis of a number of pairwise minimal contrasts between
individual word forms than on the basis of comparing whole sets of word forms
or on the basis of resetting all the previous knowledge if additional forms
are acquired. If that is true, a number of quite powerful devices proposed in
the recent literature on inflectional morphology (such as rules of referral,
impoverishment, affix templates and categorial signatures) are ruled out.
In this talk, I will assume a representational system in which stems and
affixes are maximally underspecified with respect to the categories they
express. The combinatorics of stems and affixes is only restricted by a few
locality principles in terms of <input, output> and may thus be
overgenerating. However, on the basis of the information already available in
the word forms, a paradigm can be constructed by which the optimal word forms
are selected from the set of candidate word forms. Paradigm construction is
considered to be a recursive device that is constrained by the requirement
that each cell of a paradigm must be uniquely occupied in accordance with an
ordered set of selection principles.
The question of what a possible paradigm is must be answered in terms of the
organization of the inflectional categories that are used in the paradigm
construction. It will be shown that the adopted model of Minimalist
Morphology makes certain predictions about the "goodness" of paradigms.
Note: Linguistics Colloquium abstracts are available at
[http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/~kessler/colloq/].
____________
1995 IAP TUTORIALS
Monday through Wednesday, 6--8 November
Cordura Hall, Stanford Campus
KNOWLEDGE MILLENNIUM: NETWORKED LEARNING AND
COMMUNICATION THROUGH TECHNOLOGY
[http://www-csli.stanford.edu/csli/tutorials.html]
Three days of tutorials on the Internet, Social Responses to Communication
Technology, and Automatic Speech Recognition. Open to registered participants
only. Registration information -- by phone: call 415-723-1224; by e-mail:
contact [mking@csli.stanford.edu]
MONDAY, 6 NOVEMBER:
The Internet: Agents, Just-in-Time Learning, and Distance Education
The first day's tutorial covers a range of topics centered on the design
and development of effective internet technologies:
* Internet Agents -- software tools for finding and accessing
information on the internet;
* Distance Learning -- delivery of traditional lectures and educational
material over the internet; new ways of participating in interactive
study groups; organizing training material so that it can be
found "on demand";
* Professional Support Systems -- providing doctors with diagnostic
information over the internet; professional teamwork on the internet.
Speakers: Yoav Shoham, Marko Balabanovic, J. Marty Tenenbaum, Terry
Winograd, William M. Detmer, Larry Leifer, George White
TUESDAY, 7 NOVEMBER:
Social Responses to Communication Technology
The second day's tutorial is on "Social Responses to Communication
Technology." This theory states that individuals' interactions with
computers, television, and other communication technologies are fundamentally
social and natural. That is, all people expect computers, televisions, and
other technologies to obey a wide range of social rules, and all people use
these rules in responding to these media. Similarly, all individuals respond
to pictures on the screen as if the objects they represent were actually
present. We will discuss a series of over 25 experiments that demonstrate
that the real and mediated world are essentially the same. We will discuss
how our research on the following concepts inform the design of interfaces,
multimedia, television, and all other media: politeness, praise and criticism,
interpersonal distance, personality, agents, emotion, arousal, gender
stereotyping, size and shape, motion, use of voice, fidelity, and synchrony.
Speakers: Clifford Nass and Byron Reeves
WEDNESDAY, 8 NOVEMBER:
Automatic Speech Recognition
The third day covers theoretical and practical aspects of Automatic Speech
Recognition. After nearly 30 years of gradual progress, ASR is now showing up
everywhere, over the phone, on PCs, and soon on the internet. The history,
theory, current practice, and future of the ASR field is treated in this
tutorial by several acknowledged authorities in the area who have both
industrial and academic experience.
Speakers: Bill Meisel, Elizabeth Macken, Neil Scott, George White, Brian Scott
REGISTRATION INFORMATION:
By phone: call 415-723-1224
By e-mail: contact mking@csli.stanford.edu
____________
SEMINAR ON COMPUTATIONAL LEARNING AND ADAPTATION
on Tuesday, 7 November
4:15 p.m., Medical School Office Building, Room 303
Learning the Structure of a Bayesian Network
David Heckerman
Microsoft Corporation
[contact: langley@cs.stanford.edu]
I will describe Bayesian methods for learning the structure of a Bayesian
network from a combination of prior knowledge and statistical data. These
methods involve search over many network structures for those that have high
posterior probabilities. To compute the posterior probabilities of network
structures, we need to assign some prior probabilities to the structures, as
well as to their parameters. I will describe a set of assumptions that make
these assessments efficient and straightforward. In addition, I will describe
efficient search techniques for identifying network structures with high
posterior probabilities. I will illustrate some of the methods using a
real-world medical domain. Time permitting, I will also discuss methods for
learning hidden variables.
____________
SSP FILM SERIES
on Tuesday, 7 November
7:00 p.m., Cubberley Hall, Room 128
Bill Gates Addresses the Electronic Messaging Association (1994)
In this 53 minute video, Bill Gates, chairman of Microsoft, talks about his
vision of electronic communication.
The Symbolic Systems Film Series showcases videos and films of general
cognitive science interest. Attendance at the films can substitute for
attendance at the Symbolic Systems Forum for students enrolled in SSP 10 for
one unit. All are welcome at these events. The showing of the videos is
followed by a discussion, and researchers who are knowledgeable about the
program's topic are urged to join us in evaluating it.
____________
PHILOSOPHY OF COMPUTATION SEMINAR
on Wednesday, 8 November
3:15 p.m., Ventura Hall, Room 17
Turing Machines Revisited (II)
Brian Cantwell Smith
Xerox PARC and Stanford Philosophy
[bcsmith@parc.xerox.com]
The reading for today's seminar is Volume III Chapter 1 of _The Middle
Distance_. A course description can be found at [http://shr.stanford.edu/
BCSmith/phil395a.html]
____________
SYMBOLIC SYSTEMS FORUM
on Thursday, 9 November
4:15 p.m., Building 60, Room 61-F
Designing Applications that Help People Collaborate
Ellen Isaacs
Sun Microsystems
[Ellen.Isaacs@eng.sun.com]
In this talk, I will describe two multimedia-based prototype applications
developed by our group to help people collaborate when they are distributed
across different locations. I will also discuss the process we used to build
these applications to make sure they are usable and useful for people. The two
applications are Montage and Forum. Montage is a "next-generation" desktop
video conferencing system that focuses on helping people find opportune times
to interact. Forum lets speakers give live, interactive talks over the
network to participants who watch and ask questions from their desktops. To
build these tools, user interface designers and developers collaborated to use
a highly iterative process of studying use -> designing -> implementing ->
studying use, etc. We found that the process allowed us to create
easy-to-use, well-architected applications that were gratifying to the
developers, UI designers and users alike -- all without costing extra time or
expense.
ELLEN ISAACS works in SunSoft's Collaborative Computing group, an advanced
development group that studies the use of technology to help people who are in
different locations work together more closely. Her job involves designing
user interfaces for tools to support group work and studying how groups
incorporate the technology into their work. Before coming to Sun, Isaacs
worked at Stanford's Knowledge Systems Lab on a project to develop a speech
interface to a medical expert system. She received her PhD in cognitive
psychology from Stanford, where she studied language use and collaboration in
conversation. She received her BS from Brown University in psychology and
semiotics.
_____________
SEMINAR ON HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION
on Friday, 10 November
12:30 p.m., Skilling Auditorium
The Establishment of Identity in Virtual Communities
Judith Donath
MIT Media Lab
[judith@media.mit.edu]
____________
PHILOSOPHY COLLOQUIUM
on Friday, 10 November
3:15 p.m., Encina Hall, Room 423
Reason and Actions
Philip Clark
UC Davis Philosophy
[pclark@csli.stanford.edu]
____________
LINGUISTICS COLLOQUIUM
on Friday, 10 November
3:30 p.m., Building 460, Room 146
On the Need to Recognize Constructions
Adele Goldberg
UC San Diego Linguistics
[aegoldberg@ucsd.edu]
Basic sentence patterns of a language are traditionally taken to be determined
by semantic or syntactic information specified by the main verb in the
sentence. Thus, the sentence patterns given in (1) and (2) appear to be
determined by the specifications of give and put respectively:
1. Chris GAVE Pat a ball.
2. Pat PUT the ball on the table.
In this talk I will argue that while (1) and (2) represent perhaps the
prototypical case, sentence patterns of a language are not reliably determined
by independent specifications of the main verb. For example, it is implausible
to claim that sneeze has a three argument sense in (3):
3. Pat SNEEZED the foam off the cappuccino.
The following attested examples similarly involve sentential patterns that do
not seem to be determined by independent specification of the main verb:
4. "My father FROWNED away the compliment."
5. "We LAUGHED our conversation to an end."
6. "Pauline SMILED her thanks."
7. "The Miami quarterback was BOO-ED to the bench."
It is argued, on the basis of linguistic and psycholinguistic evidence, that
lexically unfilled phrasal constructions exist and contribute significantly to
the overall semantic interpretation. In addition, a way to capture linking
generalizations across constructions is discussed.
It is suggested that the recognition of phrasal constructions corresponding to
basic sentence patterns leads one toward a view of grammar in which the
construction (or sign): any non-predictable form-meaning pairing, plays a
central role.
Note: Linguistics Colloquium abstracts are available at
[http://www-linguistics.stanford.edu/~kessler/colloq/].
____________
PHONOLOGY TALKS
on Saturday & Sunday, 11--12 November
Starting early, at UC Berkeley
TREND (Trilateral Phonology Weekend)
Details to be provided soon
A program with times and speakers will be sent around in the near future.
____________
SEMANTICS SEMINAR
on Monday, 13 November
2:00 p.m., Cordura Hall, Room 100
Anchoring Definites in Discourse
Kjetil Strand
Oslo Linguistics
[kstrand@csli.stanford.edu]
____________